Solid-state synthesis, dewetting, and magnetic and structural characterization of interfacial FexSn1−x layers in Sn/Fe(001) thin films
Source abstract
Abstract
The phase formation sequences in 9Sn/91Fe(001) and 25Sn/75Fe(001) bilayers during thin-film solid-state reactions up to 800°C were investigated using X-ray diffraction, the torque method, and scanning electron microscopy. In both samples, FeSn2, FeSn, α-Fe1−xSnx, Fe5Sn3, α-Fe, and β-Sn were sequentially formed at the initiation temperatures Tini ~ 150°C, ~ 300°C, ~ 550°C, ~ 600°C, and ~ 700°C, respectively. Low-temperature transformations were predicted at temperatures TK1 ~ 150°C and TK2 ~ 300°C, which are absent in the phase equilibrium diagram of the Fe–Sn system. Solid-state dewetting of the 9Sn/91Fe(001) and 25Sn/75Fe(001) bilayers started at temperatures above 550°C. Overall, this work sheds new light on general chemical mechanisms governing the synthesis of intermetallic phases in Sn/Fe(001) thin films, the phase transformations, and the evolution of the dewetting process of FexSn1−x films.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Surface and Thin Film Phenomena · ZnO doping and properties · Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (43)
Show source-provided references
1. B.C. Sales, B. Saparov, M.A. McGuire, D.J. Singh, D.S. Parker, Ferromagnetism of Fe3Sn and alloys. Sci. Rep. 4, 7024 (2014)10.1038/srep07024 ↗
2. C. Echevarria-Bonet, N. Iglesias, J.S. Garitaonandía, D. Salazar, G.C. Hadjipanayis, J.M. Barandiaran, Structural and magnetic properties of hexagonal Fe3Sn prepared by non-equilibrium techniques. J. Alloys Compd. 769, 843–847 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.07.25710.1016/j.jallcom.2018.07.257 ↗
3. H. Giefers, M. Nicol, High pressure X-ray diffraction study of all Fe–Sn intermetallic compounds and one Fe–Sn solid solution. J. Alloys Compd. 422, 132–144 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.11.06110.1016/j.jallcom.2005.11.061 ↗
4. H. Li, B. Ding, J. Chen, Z. Li, Z. Hou, E. Liu, H. Zhang, X. Xi, G. Wu, W. Wang, Large topological Hall effect in a geometrically frustrated kagome magnet Fe3Sn2. Appl. Phys. Lett. 114, 192408 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.508817310.1063/1.5088173 ↗
5. Q. Wang, S. Sun, X. Zhang, F. Pang, H. Lei, Anomalous Hall effect in a ferromagnetic Fe3Sn2 single crystal with a geometrically frustrated Fe bilayer Kagome lattice. Phys. Rev. B 94, 075135-1–075135-5 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.07513510.1103/PhysRevB.94.075135 ↗
6. H. Li, B. Ding, J. Chen, Z. Li, E. Liu, X. Xi, G. Wu, Large anisotropic topological Hall effect in a hexagonal non-collinear magnet Fe5Sn3. Appl. Phys. Lett. 116, 182405-1–182405-5. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.000549310.1063/5.0005493 ↗
7. H. Li, B. Zhang, J. Liang, B. Ding, J. Chen, J. Shen, Z. Li, E. Liu, X. Xi, G. Wu, Y. Yao, H. Yang, W. Wang, Large anomalous Hall effect in a hexagonal ferromagnetic Fe5Sn3 single crystal. Phys. Rev. B 101, 140409(R)-1-140409(R)-6 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.140409.10.1103/PhysRevB.101.140409 ↗
8. B. Fayyazi, K.P. Skokov, T. Faske, I. Opahle, M. Duerrschnabel, T. Helbig, I. Soldatov, U. Rohrmann, L. Molina-Luna, K. Güth, H. Zhang, W. Donner, R. Schafer, O. Gutfleisch, Experimental and computational analysis of binary Fe-Sn ferromagnetic compounds. Acta Mater. 180, 126–140 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.08.05410.1016/j.actamat.2019.08.054 ↗
9. B. Fayyazi, K.P. Skokov, T. Faske, D.Y. Karpenkov, W. Donner, O. Gutfleisch, Bulk combinatorial analysis for searching new rare-earth free permanent magnets: reactive crucible melting applied to the Fe-Sn binary system. Acta Mater. 141, 434–443 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.09.03610.1016/j.actamat.2017.09.036 ↗
10. D. Goll, R. Loeffler, J. Herbst, C. Frey, S. Goeb, T. Grubesa, D. Hohs, A. Kopp, U. Pflanz, R. Stein, G. Schneider, Magnetic properties of hard magnetic (Fe, Cr)3Sn2 intermetallic compound. Phys. Stat. Sol. (RRL) 9, 603–606 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.20151024310.1002/pssr.201510243 ↗
11. Y. Wan, J. Liu, C. Liu, S. Ji, Y. Zhou, Facile synthesis of FeSn2 alloy nanoparticles as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Energy Environ. Focus 2, 63–67 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1166/eef.2013.102710.1166/eef.2013.1027 ↗
12. J. Leibowitz, E. Allcorn, A. Manthiram, FeSn2-TiC nanocomposite alloy anodes for lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sources 295, 125–130 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.14410.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.144 ↗
13. K. Xu, L. Ma, X. Shen, Z. Ji, A. Yuan, L. Kong, G. Zhu, J. Zhu, Bimetallic metal-organic framework derived Sn-based nanocomposites for high-performance lithium storage. Electrochim. Acta 323, 134855–1–134855–10 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134855.10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134855 ↗
14. H.-J. Oh, V.-D. Dao, K.-H. Ryu, J.-H. Lee, H.-S. Choi, FeSn alloy/graphene as an electrocatalyst for the counter electrode of highly efficient liquid-junction photovoltaic devices. J. Alloys Compd. 754, 139–146 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.04.22710.1016/j.jallcom.2018.04.227 ↗
15. M. Poate, K.N. Tu, J.W. Meyer (eds.), Thin Films-Interdiffusion and Reaction (Willey-Intersciense, New York, 1978)
16. K.N. Tu, J.W. Mayer, L.C. Feldman, Electronic Thin Film Science for Electrical Engineers and Materials Scientists (Macmillan, New York, 1992)
17. J.E.G. Colgan, A review of thin-film alumitide formation. Mater. Sci. Rep. 5, 1–44 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-2307(05)80005-210.1016/S0920-2307(05)80005-2 ↗
18. R. Pretorius, C.C. Theron, A. Vantomme, J.W. Mayer, Compound phase formation in thin film structures. Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 24, 1–62 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1080/1040843999132916110.1080/10408439991329161 ↗
19. T. Laurila, J. Molarius, Reactive phase formation in thin film metal/metal and metal/silicon diffusion couples. Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 28, 185–230 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1080/1040843039026195510.1080/10408430390261955 ↗
20. V.G. Myagkov, Yu.L. Mikhlin, L.E. Bykova, V.K. Mal’tsev, G.N. Bondarenko, Long-range chemical interaction in solid-state synthesis: the formation of a CuAu alloy in Au/β-Co(001)/Cu(001) epitaxial film structures. JETP Lett. 90, 111–115 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364009140069.10.1134/S0021364009140069 ↗
21. V.G. Myagkov, L.E. Bykova, A.A. Matsynin, M.N. Volochaev, V.S. Zhigalov, I.A. Tambasov, Yu.L. Mikhlin, D.A. Velikanov, G.N. Bondarenko, Solid state synthesis of Mn5Ge3 in Ge/Ag/Mn trilayers: structural and magnetic studies. J. Solid State Chem. 246, 379–387 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2016.12.01010.1016/j.jssc.2016.12.010 ↗
22. V.G. Myagkov, Yu.L. Mikhlin, L.E. Bykova, G.V. Bondarenko, G.N. Bondarenko, Long-range nature of chemical interaction in solid-phase reactions: formation of martensite phases of an Au-Cd Alloy in Cd/Fe/Au film systems. Doklady Phys. Chem. 431, 52–56 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1134/S001250161003003610.1134/S0012501610030036 ↗
23. V.G. Myagkov, V.C. Zhigalov, L.E. Bykova, G.N. Bondarenko, Long-range chemical interaction in solid-state synthesis: chemical interaction between Ni and Fe in epitaxial Ni(001)/Ag(001)/Fe(001) trilayers. Int. J. SHS, 18, 117–124 (2009). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1061386209020095.10.3103/S1061386209020095 ↗
24. V. Myagkov, O. Bayukov, Y. Mikhlin, V. Zhigalov, L. Bykova, G. Bondarenko, Long-range chemical interactions in solid-state reactions: effect of an inert Ag interlayer on the formation of L10-FePd in epitaxial Pd(001)/Ag(001)/Fe(001) and Fe(001)/Ag(001)/Pd(001) trilayers. Philos. Mag. 94, 2595–2622 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2014.92603710.1080/14786435.2014.926037 ↗
25. V.G. Myagkov, A.A. I vanenko, L.E. Bykova, V.S. Zhigalov, M.N. Volochaev, D.A. Velikanov, A.A. Matsynin, G.N. Bondarenko, Solid‑state synthesis, magnetic and structural properties of interfacial B2‑FeRh(001) layers in Rh/Fe(001) films, Sci. Rep 10, 10807 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67837-2.10.1038/s41598-020-67837-2 ↗
26. V.G. Myagkov, L.E. Bykova, V.S. Zhigalov, A.A. Matsynin, D.A. Velikanov, G.N. Bondarenko, Solid-state synthesis, rotatable magnetic anisotropy and characterization of Co1−xPtx phases in 50Pt/50fccCo(001) and 32Pt/68fccCo(001) thin films. J. Alloys Compds (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.15793810.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157938 ↗
27. T. Shinjo, N. Hosoito, S. Hine, T. Takad, Reaction at Fe-Sn interface studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 19, L531–L533 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.19.L53110.1143/JJAP.19.L531 ↗
28. M. Hida, M. Kajihara, Observation on isothermal reactive diffusion between solid Fe and liquid Sn. Mater. Trans. 53, 1240–1246 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.M201206010.2320/matertrans.M2012060 ↗
29. S.-J. Hsu, C.C. Lee, Growth Kinetics of Intermetallic Compounds Between Sn and Fe Liquid–Solid Reaction Couples, J. Electron. Packaging 138 (2016) 041006–1 – 041006–5, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.40348425.10.1115/1.40348425 ↗
30. Y.-C. Huang, S.-W. Chen, W. Gierlotka, C.-H. Chang, J.-C. Wu, Dissolution and interfacial reactions of Fe in molten Sn-Cu and Sn-Pb solders. J. Mater. Res. 22, 2924–2929 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2007.036110.1557/JMR.2007.0361 ↗
31. C.-W. Hwang, K. Suganuma, J.-G. Lee, H. Mori, Interface microstructure between Fe-42Ni alloy and pure Sn. J. Mater. Res. 18, 1202–1210 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2003.016510.1557/JMR.2003.0165 ↗
32. Y.-W. Yen, H.-M. Hsiao, S.-W. Lin, P.-J. Huang, C. Lee, Interfacial reactions in Sn/Fe-xNi couples. J. Electron. Mater. 41, 144–152 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-011−1727-510.1007/s11664-011−1727-5 ↗
33. S. Moncher, G. Principi, L.M. Gratton, C. Tosello, I. Czakó-Nagy, A. Vértes, Effect of Xe ion irradiation of Fe/Sn bilayers. Hyperfine Interact 46, 535–540 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02398240FeSn210.1007/BF02398240FeSn2 ↗
34. S. Chikazumi, Epitaxial growth and magnetic properties of single-crystal films of iron, nickel, and permalloy. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 81S (1961). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.200050610.1063/1.2000506 ↗
35. K. Sato, T. Mizoguchi, Simple analysis of torque measurement of magnetic thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 4669–4671 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.32239810.1063/1.322398 ↗
36. Y. Goto, T. Yanase, T. Shimada, M. Shirai, T. Nagahama, Tunnel magnetoresistance effect in a magnetic tunnel junction with a B2-Fe3Sn electrode. AIP Adv. 9, 085322-1–085322-4 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5113544.10.1063/1.5113544 ↗
37. T. dos Santos, C. Bormio-Nunes, L. Ghivelder, A.R. Belarmino, Magnetostriction of Fe–Sn polycrystalline alloys. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, e183–e185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.02.043.10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.02.043 ↗
38. C.V. Thompson, Solid-state dewetting of thin films. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 42, 399–434 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070511−15504810.1146/annurev-matsci-070511−155048 ↗
39. F. Leroy, Ł Borowik, F. Cheynis, Y. Almadori, S. Curiotto, M. Trautmann, J.C. Barbe, P. Müller, How to control solid state dewetting: a short review. Surf. Sci. Rep. 71, 391–409 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2016.03.00210.1016/j.surfrep.2016.03.002 ↗
40. D. Gentili, G. Foschi, F. Valle, M. Cavallini, F. Biscarini, Applications of dewetting in micro and nanotechnology. Chem. Soc. Rev. 41, 4430–4443 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cs35040h10.1039/c2cs35040h ↗
41. A. Herz, D. Wang, Th. Kups, P. Schaaf, Solid-state dewetting of Au/Ni bilayers: The effect of alloying on morphology evolution. J. Appl. Phys. 116, 044307-1–044307–7 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.489144810.1063/1.4891448 ↗
42. S. Kunwar, P. Pandey, S. Pandit, M. Sui, J. Lee, Tunable localized surface plasmon resonance by self-assembly of trimetallic and bimetallic alloy nanoparticles via Ag sublimation from Ag/Au/Pt trilayers. Appl. Surf. Sci. 504, 144545 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.14454510.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144545 ↗
43. T. Dietl, K. Sato, T. Fukushima, A. Bonanni, M. Jamet, A. Barski, S. Kuroda, M. Tanaka, P.N. Hai, H. Katayama-Yoshida, Spinodal nanodecomposition in semiconductors doped with transition metals. Rev. Mod. Phys. 87, 1311–1377 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.87.131110.1103/revmodphys.87.1311 ↗