Sustainable resin-based fog seal materials replacing asphalt: Design of high penetrability, bond strength and aging resistance toward cleaner pavement maintenance

To promote the cleaner production and sustainable development of asphalt pavement maintenance, a resin-based fog seal material with high penetrability, bond strength and aging resistance was prepared in this study. The base resin was modified with a reactive diluent and three types of polysiloxane resins to reduce viscosity and optimize performance simultaneously. Through evaluations of penetrability, mechanical properties, and bonding performance, the suitable dosages of the monofunctional reactive diluent butyl glycidyl ether (BGE) and polysiloxane modifiers (MGS, PGS, and MPGS) were determined. The curing agent was modified by compounding a modified aliphatic amine with a polyether amine to further optimize workability. Nano carbon black was used as a light stabilizer to specifically enhance the material's aging resistance. The results indicated that a BGE dosage of 20% combined with 10% MPGS yielded a penetration depth exceeding 10 mm, demonstrating high penetrability. The optimal curing agent consisted of a 7:3 blend of modified aliphatic amine and polyether amine. Under this formula, the tack-free time was 2.25 h, the hard-dry time was 2.92 h, and the tensile fracture energy was 543 J/m³ . Furthermore, based on aging resistance tests and spectroscopic analysis, the optimal dosage of nano carbon black was determined to be 0.5%.