RETRACTED: Incorporating crumb rubber in slag-based geopolymer: Experimental work and predictive modelling

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal ( https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal ). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors-in-Chief. Following concerns raised by a reader, an investigation of this paper was undertaken by the editors. The findings indicate that this paper [ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2024.e03893 ] and another in Construction and Building Materials [ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138985 ] utilise the same dataset (see supplementary data provided for each paper) and the same methodology (identical Figures 5 and 12 in CSCM and Figures 5 and 18 in CBM paper). Four other figures (1, 2a, 3 and 4) and four tables (Tables 1, 3, 4 and 5) are also repeated in both papers. As part of this investigation, the lead author (Raut) provided additional supporting data for review. The investigating editor found the mix design data did not appear to match that reported in the published supplementary material and the compression results were suspect for their minimal apparent variation over 108 geopolymer mixes. Additionally, mix design data and density was incorrectly calculated. The corresponding author stated that this CSCM paper was submitted on June 27, 2024, and published first and claims to have no knowledge of the CBM submission on 28 August 2024 despite five common coauthors. Both papers were in review at the same time and ultimately published within five days of each other.