journal article·2022-12Open access

Experimental investigation on cyclic in-plane behavior of URM walls retrofitted with AFRP

Gholamreza Zamani-Ahari, Kentaro Yamaguchi

Abstract

URM buildings have been the most common constructions globally, although they are weak because of their low lateral strength against seismic loads. The seismic response of URM structures is highly dependent on the in-plane and out-of-plane behaviors of their load-carrying walls. As in-plane behavior, the shear failure has been known as the most brittle failure mode of URM walls. Although the monotonic response of the walls has been investigated widely, there is relatively less knowledge about their hysteretic response as well as the impact of seismic retrofitting on it. Considering the brittle nature of the in-plane behavior, the Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer (AFRP) sheet as a relatively soft member of FRP products was chosen as the retrofitting choice in this study. As an experimental study, cyclic lateral loading was applied to the bare and AFRP retrofitted masonry wall specimens in a displacement-controlled manner. To study the shear behavior of the AFRP retrofitted masonry wall specimens, the specimens were externally retrofitted with AFRP sheets in two different configurations; fully and diagonally wrapped. The load-deformation behavior of the walls during the cyclic loading was investigated using hysteresis diagrams. The test results revealed that AFRP retrofitting could improve the shear strength by about 75% and 81% for fully and diagonally wrapped specimens, respectively. Also, the integrity of URM walls was enhanced without altering their lateral stiffness. Moreover, the fully-wrapped specimen exhibited a deformation capability of about 37% higher than the diagonally-wrapped one. Furthermore, the failure of the fully-wrapped specimen was controlled by toe crushing of the masonry wall, while the rupture of the retrofitting sheet caused the failure in the diagonally-wrapped specimen.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete · Masonry and Concrete Structural Analysis · Innovative concrete reinforcement materials

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (41)

Show source-provided references
1. H. Matthys, L. Noland, Evaluation, Strengthening, and Retrofitting of Masonry Buildings, TMS, Colorado, 1989.
2. Performance‐based engineering concepts for unreinforced masonry building structures10.1002/pse.70 ↗
3. M. ElGawady, P. Lestuzzi, M. Badoux, A review of conventional seismic retrofitting techniques for URM, in: Proceedings of the 13th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference, 2004, pp. 1–10.
4. Non-linear behavior of unreinforced masonry walls with different Iranian traditional brick-work settings10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.04.018 ↗
5. Out-of-plane behavior of reinforced masonry walls: experimental and numerical study10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.07.006 ↗
6. Assessment the stability of masonry walls by the transfer-matrix method10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.11.052 ↗
7. ASCE, ASCE/SEI 41-17, Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA, USA, 2017.
8. In-plane strength of masonry panel strengthened with geosynthetic10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.169 ↗
9. A proposal of the most suitable retrofitting methods for URM structures in Iran. An extensive review of recent techniques
10. Z. Al-Jabari, J.J. Myers, M. ElGawady, Effectiveness of FRCM system in strengthening reinforced masonry walls subjected to cyclic loading, in: IABSE Symposium Report, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 109(39), 2017.10.2749/vancouver.2017.1782 ↗
11. An empirical model for predicting the mechanical properties of FRP-confined concrete10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.12.009 ↗
12. FRP-retrofitted URM walls under in-plane shear: review and assessment of available models10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000135 ↗
13. Shear behavior of URM retrofitted with FRP overlays10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1997)1:1(17) ↗
14. Aseismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry walls using FRP10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.06.003 ↗
15. Shear strength of URM walls retrofitted using FRP10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.03.005 ↗
16. Effect of the FRP sheet's arrays and NSM FRP bars on in-plane behavior of URM walls10.1016/j.jobe.2018.09.018 ↗
17. Static cyclic in-plane shear response of damaged masonry walls retrofitted with NSM FRP strips–an experimental evaluation10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.10.026 ↗
18. In-plane behavior of seismically damaged masonry walls repaired with external BFRP10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.01.031 ↗
19. Evaluation of FRP and FRCM composites for the strengthening of reinforced masonry walls
20. A comparative study of flexural behavior of reinforced masonry walls strengthened with near-surface mounted FRP bars or externally bonded FRP sheets
21. Shear response of brick masonry small assemblages strengthened with bonded FRP laminates for in-plane reinforcement10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.01.005 ↗
22. Shear behavior of masonry specimens strengthened with aramid fiber reinforced polymer sheet
23. Design, fabrication and analysis of advanced polymer based kevlar-49 composite material10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.592-594.122 ↗
24. The analysis of beam reinforced with FRP bars in bending10.1016/j.proeng.2017.06.011 ↗
25. Numerical evaluation of blast resistance of RC slab strengthened with AFRP10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.081 ↗
26. Improvement of transverse connection of masonry walls through afrp bars
27. A. Dutu, H. Sakata, Y. Yamazaki, T. Shindo, Retrofit solution for timber framed masonry system using aramid fiber reinforced polymers (AFRP), in: IABSE Conference: Elegance in structures, Nara, Japan, 13–15 May 2015, pp. 210–211.10.2749/222137815815774601 ↗
28. E. Pinotti, C. Casalegno, R. Ceravolo, C. Surace, Aramid fibres for conservative intervention on masonry structures, in: Brick and Block Masonry: Proceedings of the 16th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference, Padova, Italy, CRC Press, 26–30 June 2016, pp. 2153–2160.10.1201/b21889-266 ↗
29. M. Vailati, G. Monti, Strengthening of masonry walls by transverse connection through AFRP rods: experimental tests and analytical models, NED Univ. J. Res., 2012.
30. Experimental study on seismic retrofitting methods for school building using aramid strip
31. Mechanical behaviors of Kevlar 49 fabric subjected to uniaxial, biaxial tension and in-plane large shear deformation10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.10.012 ↗
32. ASTM C67/C67M-20, Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile, 2020.
33. An experimental study on the retrofitting of unreinforced masonry specimens with ECC and AFRP sheet
34. C. ASTM, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Masonry Prisms, Masonry Test Methods and Specifications for the Building Industry, 2012.
35. C. ASTM, Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar, C1437, 2007.
36. ASTM C138/C138M-17a, Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete, 2017.
37. ASTM International Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates, Standard Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson's Ratio of Concrete in Compression1, ASTM International, 2014.
38. A.S.T.M. Standard, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens, ASTM C39, 2010.
39. FEMA, Interim Protocols for Determining Seismic Performance Characteristics of Structural and Nonstructural Components through Laboratory Testing, FEMA 461, 2007.
40. Bending analysis with Galerkin method of rectilinear orthotropic composite circular plates subject to transversal load10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.12.011 ↗
41. A robust Bézier based solution for nonlinear vibration and post-buckling of random checkerboard graphene nano-platelets reinforced composite beams10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.01.041 ↗