journal article·2025-07Open access

A three-step development strategy for 3D printable concrete containing coarse aggregates

Yong Yuan, Ruyi Sheng, Xupeng Yao, Bernhard Pichler, Herbert A. Mang, Jiao-Long Zhang

Abstract

The use of coarse aggregates in 3D printable concrete (3DPC) reduces the amount of cement. However, it presents challenges for 3D printing process. In this study, a three-step strategy is proposed for the development of 3DPC, containing coarse aggregates with a maximum particle size of 20 mm. This strategy integrates all stages of the 3D printing process, categorizing the stages of the concrete into the flow-state stage, the structural build-up stage, and the hardened-state stage. The 3DPC mix ratio is determined on the basis of experimental testing and predictive modeling. Experimental studies are conducted, using the mix ratios obtained from this strategy, followed by trial printing tests. The results indicate the usefulness of the three-step strategy. It is efficient to control the flowability in the flow-state stage and the mechanical properties in the structural build-up stage of 3DPC by adjusting the dosage of polycarboxylate ether superplasticizer and aluminum sulfate-based accelerator. • A three-steps strategy for design of 3D Printing concrete (3DPC) was proposed. • The strategy combines experimental tests and a sophisticated multiscale model. • The 3DPC contains coarse aggregates with a maximum diameter up to 20 mm. • Specific admixtures can regulate the printability of 3DPC before it hardening. • The multiscale model is proved valid in estimating part of the proportions of 3DPC.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials · Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies · BIM and Construction Integration

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

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