Thermal reaction of firebrand accumulation in construction materials
Source abstract
Abstract
This paper presents research concerning the thermal firebrand reaction due to its accumulation in specimens of current construction materials commonly applied to the exterior of dwellings in southern Europe. An extensive fire experimental campaign is undertaken, in which firebrands are deposited on the plane surfaces of the material specimens and the temperature is measured on the top and bottom construction specimen surfaces. The materials chosen for this work are currently applied to either the roof, exterior walls and windows, and were recommended as either fire resistance or good behaviour for high temperatures. It will be possible to verify their firebrand reaction, more precisely, the type of ignition, the smoke, droplet production, and even their insulation capabilities. It is also tested for the efficiency of a metal mesh to prevent the entrance of firebrands into the air vents of façades and chimneys in dwellings. A thermal numerical model is also used to study the efficiency of the insulation properties of some construction materials for firebrand deposition by measuring the level of heat flux circulation during the full time analysis.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Fire dynamics and safety research · Fire effects on ecosystems · Fire effects on concrete materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (45)
Show source-provided references
1. Experimental investigation of wood decking assemblies exposed to firebrand showers10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.05.019 ↗
2. Tenreiro · 2018
3. Viegas D.X., Almeida M.F., Ribeiro L.M. O complexo de incêndios de Pedrógão Grande e concelhos limítrofes, iniciado a 17 de junho de 2017. Portugal: Universidade de Coimbra; 2017.
4. Guerreiro J., Fonseca C., Salgueiro A., Fernandes P., Lopez I.E., Neufville R., et al. Avaliação dos incêndios ocorridos entre 14 e 16 de outubro de 2017 em Portugal Continental,. In: Independente C-CT, editor. Portugal: Assembleia da República. Lisboa; 2018.
5. Report on existing fireproof construction guidelines for dwellings against wildfires10.3390/civileng4020038 ↗
6. Experimental procedures characterising firebrand generation in wildland fires10.1007/s10694-015-0492-z ↗
7. Firebrands and spotting ignition in large-scale fires10.1071/WF07119 ↗
8. Tenreiro T.C., Branco F.A., Arruda M.R.T. Rethinking Houses for Wildland Fires Protection. The Euro-American Congress REHABEND 2020. Granada, Spain2018.
9. The world is burning: what exactly are firebrands and why should anyone care?10.3389/fmech.2022.1072214 ↗
10. Rethinking dwellings protection for wildland fire
11. Wildland fire spot ignition by sparks and firebrands10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.04.040 ↗
12. Ignition of combustible fuel beds by hot particles: an experimental and theoretical study10.1007/s10694-010-0181-x ↗
13. Quantifying the vulnerabilities of ceramic tile roofing assemblies to ignition during a firebrand attack10.1016/j.firesaf.2009.09.002 ↗
14. Modeling transport and combustion of firebrands from burning trees10.1016/j.combustflame.2007.04.008 ↗
15. S. Manzello, K. Zhou, S. Suzuki, Experimental study of firebrand transport. Proceeedings of the annual symposium of the japan association for fire science and engineering, Tokyo2014.
16. Modelling firebrand transport in wildfires using HIGRAD/FIRETEC10.1071/WF09146 ↗
17. Characterization of firebrands released from different burning tree species10.3389/fmech.2021.651135 ↗
18. CBC. California Building Code Part 2 Vol 1 and 2. In: Council IC, editor. Chapter 7A [SFM] Materials and Construction Methods for Exterior Wildfire Exposure. USA California: California Building Standard Commission; 2016.
19. Estimating net heat flux from surrogate firebrand accumulations using an inverse heat transfer approach
20. Development of a standard firebrand accumulation temperature curve for residential wildfire protection system10.1016/j.rineng.2023.100935 ↗
21. Numerical assessment of standard firebrand accumulation curve when transferring temperature to contact surfaces10.3390/app13179657 ↗
22. Thermal characterization of firebrand piles10.1016/j.firesaf.2018.10.002 ↗
23. Localized heat transfer from firebrands to surfaces10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103037 ↗
24. Thermal dynamics of deposited firebrands using phosphor thermometry10.1016/j.proci.2020.07.098 ↗
25. Firebrand production from building components fitted with siding treatments10.1016/j.firesaf.2016.01.004 ↗
26. Investigation on the ability of glowing firebrands deposited within crevices to ignite common building materials10.1016/j.firesaf.2009.05.001 ↗
27. The propensity of wooden crevices to smoldering ignition by firebrands10.1007/s10694-022-01247-w ↗
28. Ignition vulnerabilities of combustibles around houses to firebrand showers: further comparison of experiments10.3390/su13042136 ↗
29. Ignition resistance of wood building structures exposed to a firebrand shower10.1134/S0010508223020119 ↗
30. Experimental and analytical characterization of firebrand ignition of home insulation materials10.1007/s10694-019-00818-8 ↗
31. Experimental investigation of structure vulnerabilities to firebrand showers10.1016/j.firesaf.2011.09.003 ↗
32. Manzello S.L., Shields J.R., Yang J.-C., Hayashi Y., Nii D. On the Use of a Firebrand Generator to Investigate the Ignition of Structures in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires. | NIST. In: 3-5) IticofsaeIp, editor.2007.
33. Proposal of standard wildfire curves for the design protection of dwellings against wildland fire
34. Proposal of a fireproof design code for dwellings against the action of wildland fires10.1016/j.rcns.2023.10.002 ↗
35. Statistical assessment of parameters affecting firebrand pile heat transfer to surfaces10.3389/fmech.2021.702181 ↗
36. Determination of firebrand characteristics using thermal videos10.3390/fire3040068 ↗
37. EN13501-1. EN 13501-1 Fire Classification of Construction Products and Building Elements - Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests. European Committee for Standardization; 2009.
38. Heat release caused by the smouldering combustion of the binder of rockwool
39. Minimum time-step size for diffusion problem in FEM analysis10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(19971030)40:20<3865::AID-NME246>3.0.CO;2-C ↗
40. EC5-1-2. Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-2: General - Structural fire design. Part 1-2. Europe: EN 1995-1-2; 2004.
41. Effect of bulk density on flame resistance of rockwool in combined fire-resistant facings10.1007/s10973-022-11401-9 ↗
42. Bicelli A.R.A., Cantor P., Arruda M.R.T., Duarte A.P.C., Tiago C. Experimental and Numerical Campaign to Inquirer the Cork Thermal Properties for Elevated Temperatures. In: CMM, editor. 13th International Conference on Structures in Fire. Portugal: SIF 2024; 2024.
43. EC1-1-2. Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures - Part 1-2: General actions - Actions of structures exposed to fire. Part 1-2. Europe: EN1991-1-2-2:1995; 2002.
44. Evaluation of models and important parameters for firebrand burning10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111619 ↗
45. Review of pathways for building fire spread in the wildland urban interface part i: exposure conditions10.1007/s10694-016-0589-z ↗