Modifications to improve properties of gypsum ceiling composites as multifunctional construction by embedding Typha angustifolia fiber and natural rubber latex compound

Modifications to improve the physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of gypsum ceiling composites can be made by adding bio-fillers. Adding 1 and 3 wt% of Typha angustifolia fiber in 1D, 2D, or 3D fiber orientations, and adding 20 or 50 wt% natural rubber-latex compound were embedded into gypsum ceiling composites using a casting process. The gypsum ceiling composites added 1 wt% Typha angustifolia fiber 3D orientation (Formula 6, G-3D-1 F) resulted in optimum conditions with high compressive stress, high nail tensile resistance, high thermal shock resistance, low thermal conductivity, and a light weight with values of 315.17 ± 27.40 N, 92.10 ± 3.78 N. The received samples (G-3D-1 F) were no cracking and fracturing after autoclave testing, and 0.0796 ± 0.0005 W/m.K, respectively, better than those of the reference sample (Formula1, G-ref). Furthermore, the received samples were compared to commercial insulation materials such as concrete block, earthenware brick, light concrete brick, and cement brick with thermal conductivity values of approximately 0.546, 0.473, 0.180, and 0.126 W/m.K, respectively. The tested gypsum ceiling composites can be applied for thermal insulation and as decorative materials for construction and building to reduce energy consumption. In addition, the developed gypsum ceiling composites are easy fabrication and operation, non-toxic, inexpensive, and light weight.