Dynamic bond length as an explanation for the flexibility of graphene layers

In this study, all experiments and observations were carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a powerful imaging tool capable of characterizing many properties of carbons. Five years ago, we showed that the buckling behavior of nanotubes could give insight into the nature of carbon–carbon bonds and the interaction between carbon atoms [7], [12] and [13]. Even though this current study is incomplete, it requires a new model. The overall goal of this study is to highlight some aspects of this model.