journal article·2025-12Open access

Self-defensive pod-like CoFe@Void@NC@CNFs coatings for naval stealth and corrosion-microbial resistance in harsh marine environments

Qiqin Liang, Beibei Zhan, Xiaosi Qi, Jing-Liang Yang, Junfei Ding, Yunpeng Qu, Wei Zhong, Aming Xie

Abstract

Previous studies mainly focus on secondary and tertiary treatment to enhance the microwave absorption performance (MAP) and corrosion resistance of dielectric-magnetic multi-component materials, which increases the production cost and difficulty, and leads to the loss of original properties of some components. In this study, a series of core@shell CoFe@Void@N-doped carbon (NC)@carbon nanofibers (CNFs) pod-like nanocomposites (PLNCs) were prepared to elaborately construct via simple electrospinning and MOF-derived strategy. The acquired outcomes demonstrated that the material composition (CoFe@Void@NC regulation) and stratification structure can be reasonably optimized, the designed CoFe@Void@NC@CNFs PLNCs exhibited an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.00 GHz and minimum reflection loss of -55.77 dB, radar cross section value of -64.94 dB·m 2 , and ultra-wideband of 32.76 GHz in metastructures. Furthermore, the hierarchical pod-like architecture enabled synergistic integration of magnetic-dielectric components and physical barriers across multiple length scales, endowing the CoFe@Void@NC@CNFs with photo-thermal-electric energy recycle and multi-level defense (eg. corrosion resistance and bacteriostatic properties). Especially after 30 days of co-cultivation with bacteria and 7 days of immersion in the simulated marine environment solution, CoFe@Void@NC@CNFs PLNCs still showed excellent comprehensive MAP. Therefore, with the support of multi-level defense functions, core@shell CoFe@Void@NC@CNFs PLNCs with performance-durability is expected to be used in complex and variable marine environments.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Electromagnetic wave absorption materials · MXene and MAX Phase Materials · Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications

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