Reduced graphene oxide/TiO ₂ nanocomposites coating of cotton fabrics with antibacterial and self-cleaning properties

Textile materials can be easily used as a support for the nano-decoration with active particles in order to gain new features such as self-cleaning, antimicrobial efficiency, water repellency, mechanical strength, color change and protection against ultraviolet radiations. In this context, our present research reports the fabrication and characterization (physico-chemical analysis and surface morphology) of cotton fabrics treated with reduced graphene oxide decorated with two types of TiO ₂ nanoparticles co-doped with 1% iron and nitrogen atoms (TiO ₂ /rGO NPs) and synthesized in different hydrothermal conditions by a simultaneous precipitation of Ti ³⁺ and Fe ³⁺ ions to achieve their uniform distribution or after a sequential precipitation of these two cations for obtaining a higher concentration of iron on the surface of Ti ⁴⁺ oxyhydroxide. Further, the antimicrobial efficiency of these TiO ₂ /rGO-treated textiles and their influence on human cells were assessed. We demonstrated the successful development of TiO ₂ /rGO coating of cotton fabrics which are harmless for human skin cells and inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. These findings confirm their great potential as novel graphene-based materials for biomedical and photocatalytic applications and this approach could be used for the large-scale fabrication of innovative self-cleaning and antimicrobial textiles.