The widespread applicability of the mass action law to metallurgical melts and organic solutions

Abstract With the mass action law as the dominant principle, general models of mass action concentrations have been formulated by using measured activities as practical basis and criterion, and using phase diagrams, the coexistence theory of metallic melts (atoms and molecules), the coexistence theory of slag melts (molecules and ions), the model of inseparable cations and anions of molten salts and mattes, and the all molecule model of some organic solutions as the scientific basis for determination of the structural units of each solution. Calculated mass action concentrations for the above-mentioned five solutions (over the whole composition range without any application of the activity coefficient) agree well with measured activities of corresponding solutions, this in turn shows that the mass action law has its widespread applicability to metallurgical melts and organic solutions.