Scalable preparation of high-quality graphene by electrochemical exfoliation: effect of hydrogen peroxide addition

Graphene being a monolayer of graphite is becoming a hot topic of research because of its excellent properties. The exceptional properties of graphene appear from the 2P orbitals, which form the π-state bands that relocate over the sheets of carbon that comprise graphene. Graphene has a wide range of applications, and the most cost-effective and efficient method for producing graphene is highly preferred. This article presents an eco-friendly, economic, facile and high-yielding one-step method for producing high-quality graphene. In this study, graphene was fabricated by electrochemical exfoliation technique in aqueous medium with and without addition of H2O2. The as-synthesized exfoliated graphene (EG) are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, etc. The key conclusions of this research are that adding H2O2 had a big role in manufacturing high-quality graphene, which is important for applications in the future. A specific H2O2 concentration can be used to regulate the quantity of graphene layers, flaws and oxygen functional groups. With the addition of H2O2, the electrical conductivity and carrier concentration increase. This can be explained by the nucleophilicity of OH– and O22–. EG with H2O2 addition has multi-layered structure with fewer flaws as per Raman spectra.