Highly Compressible and Ultra-Flexible Micro-Nano Mullite Fiber Sponge Prepared by Electrostatic Solution Blow Spinning for High Temperature Filtration

Particulate matter (PM) pollution from industrial dust and automobile exhaust emissions has caused serious harm to the environment, becoming a global public safety concern. However, conventional filter materials have problems such as high brittleness at high temperatures, so it is of great significance to develop a filter material that can efficiently intercept PM at high temperatures. We prepared mullite fiber sponges with high compressibility, ultraflexibility, and excellent high-temperature filtration performance by electrostatic solution blow spinning using two-component co-spinners PVA and PEO as polymer templates. What’s more, mullite fiber sponge has excellent thermal stability at temperatures ranging from -196 to 1100 °C. In ambient conditions, the filtration efficiency of mullite fiber sponge was 99.67%, with a resistance of 240 Pa, and filtration efficiency of approximately 97% was achieved at 300 °C. The nanofiber sponge demonstrated outstanding filtration performance for automobile exhaust (PM0.3>97%), indicating significant potential for applications in high-temperature filtration.