Microstructure and performance of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) crystal clusters obtained by the solvation-desolvation process

The microstructure and performance of HMX were adjusted by a solvation-desolvation process. HMX solvates were prepared by recrystallization in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), respectively. Specific microstructures of HMX with microcrystal clusters were obtained by the desolvation of HMX solvates through anti-solvent extraction and vacuum pyrolysis. With different solvents and desolvation methods, the HMX crystals show a variety of morphologies, particle size, and polymorphic stability. The microcrystalline HMX clusters can be easily broken into superfine crystals by ultrasonic dispersion system and have higher β→δ polymorphic transformation temperature than the raw β-HMX. Moreover, microcrystalline HMX clusters have reduced impact and friction sensitivity and are expected to enhance the reliability of small booster charges and improve the overall performance of the HMX-based booster.