Temperature- and dc bias field- dependent piezoelectric effect of soft and hard lead zirconate titanate ceramics

The dc bias field-dependent piezoelectric coefficient d 33 of lead zirconate titanate ceramics (PZT5, PZT8 and P5H) were determined by a quasi-static method. It was found that piezoelectric coefficient d 33 was almost independent of positive dc bias field for PZT8 and PZT5 ceramics, while for P5H ceramic an obvious decrease of coefficient d 33 was observed under positive dc bias field. On the other hand, the temperature-dependent piezoelectric response for PZT ceramics were investigated by both quasi-static and resonance methods. The piezoelectric coefficient d 33 was found to increase with increasing temperature for both PZT5 and PZT8 ceramics. For P5H ceramics, coefficient d 33 showed a first decreasing and then increasing tendency with respect to temperature. These results were discussed in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to piezoelectric response.