The role of magnesium species in paper deacidification. A review
Source abstract
Abstract
A major problem in the preservation of the cultural heritage of mankind is the degradation of acid paper, the essence of which is the decomposition of cellulose, as the main component of paper. To suppress this decomposition, deacidifying agents based on alkaline earth metal compounds are widely used. This work focuses on evaluating knowledge about the functioning of M2+ ions, solid and dissolved alkaline earth compounds used in paper conservation. The first part of this review is oriented toward studying the interaction of ions, oxides and hydroxides of metals in water. The second part focuses attention on the behavior of ions in the paper structure. Solid MO, M(OH)2, and hydrated M(OH)+ and OH− have a deacidifying effect. Their effect is conditioned by the presence of water in the cellulose/paper.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Building materials and conservation · Advanced Cellulose Research Studies · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (72)
Show source-provided references
1. Paper aging, and degradation: recent findings and research methods10.15376/biores.6.4.5307-5337 ↗
2. Deacidification for the conservation and preservation of paper-based works: a review10.15376/biores.5.3.1955-2023 ↗
3. Comparative hydrolysis analysis of cellulose samples and aspects of its application in conservation science10.1007/s10570-021-04048-6 ↗
4. Stability of alum-containing paper under alkaline conditions10.3390/molecules25245815 ↗
5. Oxidative degradation of paper–a minireview10.1016/j.culher.2021.01.014 ↗
6. Considerations on factors influencing the degradation of cellulose in alum-rosin sized paper10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116534 ↗
7. Cellulose degradation in newsprint paper ageing10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.04.033 ↗
8. Determination of the cellulose scission route in the hydrolytic and oxidative degradation of paper
9. Deacidification of acidic books and paper by means of non-aqueous dispersions of alkaline particles: a review focusing on the completeness of the reaction10.15376/biores.12.2.Hubbe ↗
10. Comparative evaluation of deacidification processes
11. On the structure of the active compound in mass deacidification of paper10.1515/hf.2011.174 ↗
12. Critical evaluation of approaches toward mass deacidification of paper by dispersed particles10.1007/s10570-016-1112-x ↗
13. Patents for paper deacidification
14. Paper deacidification: a preliminary report10.1086/619459 ↗
15. The non-aqueous deacidification documents
16. Halloysite nanotubes filled with MgO for paper reinforcement and deacidification10.1016/j.clay.2021.106231 ↗
17. Nonaqueous solution deacidification treatments to prolong the storage life of acidic books: a review of mechanistic and process aspects10.15376/biores.13.3.Hubbe ↗
18. ketene dimer grafted cationic cellulose stabilizing nano magnesium oxide for efficient protection of acidic paper10.1007/s10570-022-04812-2 ↗
19. H. Highly stable nano magnesium oxide organic coatings for nondestructive protection of acidic paper documents
20. Colloidal magnesium hydroxide nanoflake: one-step surfactant-assisted preparation and paper-based relics protection with long-term anti-acidification and flame-retardancy10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.041 ↗
21. Restoration and conservation of old low-quality book paper using aqueous colloids of magnesium oxyhydroxide obtained by pulsed laser ablation10.1016/j.culher.2019.03.003 ↗
22. Novel nanomaterials to stabilise the canvas support of paintings assessed from a conservator's point of view
23. Sustainable nanotechnologies for curative and preventive wood deacidification treatments: an eco-friendly and innovative approach10.3390/nano10091744 ↗
24. Estimation of the diffusion coefficient and hydrodynamic radius (stokes radius) for inorganic ions in solution depending on molar conductivity as electro-analytical technique-a review
25. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides10.1107/S0567739476001551 ↗
26. Preferential solvation of Ca2+ in aqueous solutions containing ammonia: a molecular dynamics study10.1063/1.1453957 ↗
27. Structure and dynamics of water on aqueous barium ion and the {001} barite surface10.1021/jp0747196 ↗
28. The hydrolysis of cations Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische
29. Hydrolysis of magnesium methoxide. effects of toluene on gel structure and gel chemistry10.1021/cm010708s ↗
30. Solvent effects in the hydrolysis of magnesium methoxide, and the production of nanocrystalline magnesium hydroxide. An aid in understanding the formation of porous inorganic materials10.1021/cm040360b ↗
31. 2022
32. Rumble · 2018 · 5
33. A comprehensive study on the dominant formation of the dissolved Ca(OH)2 (aq) in strongly alkaline solutions saturated by Ca (II)10.1039/C6RA05337H ↗
34. Effects of metal ions on the flotation of apatite, dolomite and quartz10.3390/min8040141 ↗
35. Surface properties and floatability of molybdenite
36. Studies on hydrolysis of metal ions. 45. Hydrolysis of magnesium in chloride self-medium10.3891/acta.chem.scand.17-1891 ↗
37. Effect of pH and impurities on the surface charge of zinc oxide in aqueous solution10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00203-4 ↗
38. Zinc hydroxide: solubility product and hydroxy-complex stability constants from 12.5 to 75°C10.1139/v75-556 ↗
39. Deacidification and preservation of cellulosic objects of cultural heritage
40. Types of adsorbed water in relation to the ionic groups and their counter-ions for some cellulose derivatives10.1016/S0032-3861(05)80048-5 ↗
41. A structural model for the cell wall of water-swollen wood pulp fibres based on their accessibility to macromolecules
42. The ultrastructure of wood fibre surfaces as shown by a variety of microscopical methods–a review10.3183/npprj-1999-14-02-p129-139 ↗
43. Porosity of swollen pulp fibers revisited10.3183/npprj-2002-17-01-p071-073 ↗
44. Changes in pore size distribution during the drying of cellulose fibers as measured by differential scanning calorimetry10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.02.026 ↗
45. 2011
46. Vajová · 2022
47. Determination of pH distribution through pH-related properties in deacidified model paper10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01495-9 ↗
48. Ph distribution measurement in a porous material micro-structure method and apparatus
49. Apparent deacidification of documents in libraries and archives and new methods of checking and monitoring hidden acidic parts. Oral presentation. Conference proceeding CSTI 2023 conservation science
50. Bielikova · 2005
51. Mg2+ ions: do they bind to nucleobase nitrogens?10.1093/nar/gkw1175 ↗
52. A platform for functionalization of cellulose, chitin/chitosan, alginate with polydopamine: a review on fundamentals and technical applications10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.091 ↗
53. Assessing the potential effects of active site Mg2+ ions in the glmS ribozyme–cofactor complex10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01854 ↗
54. Accelerated aging of paper: can it really foretell the permanence of paper?
55. Influence of alkali and alkaline-earth metals on the cleavage of glycosidic bonds in biomass pyrolysis: a DFT study using cellobiose as a model compound10.1021/acs.jpca.8b06083 ↗
56. Sodium ion interactions with aqueous glucose: insights from quantum mechanics, molecular dynamics, and experiment10.1021/jp409481f ↗
57. Influence of alkali metals on the kinetics of the thermal decomposition of biomass10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.05.014 ↗
58. Cooperative activation of cellulose with natural calcium10.1021/jacsau.0c00092 ↗
59. Activation of cellulose with alkaline earth metals10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c07947 ↗
60. Periodic trends and index of Boron Lewis acidity10.1021/jp811202c ↗
61. Der mechanismus der hydratation von magnesiumoxid mit wasserdampf10.1002/hlca.19670500738 ↗
62. Röntgenographische und elektronemnikroskopische Untersuchung von Magnesiumoxiden verschiedener Herkunft10.1002/bbpc.19630670912 ↗
63. S Chemical aspects of the bookkeeper deacidification of cellulosic materials: the influence of surfactants
64. Mechanisms of water interaction with a magnesium oxide surface10.1021/la00064a010 ↗
65. Kinetics of vapour phase hydration of magnesium oxide. Part 2. - dependence on temperature and water vapour pressure10.1039/TF9656101017 ↗
66. Exploring mechanisms of hydration and carbonation of MgO and Mg(OH)2 in reactive magnesium oxide-based cements10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10590 ↗
67. The application of FTIR spectroscopy on characterization of paper samples, modified by Bookkeeper process10.1016/j.vibspec.2006.01.010 ↗
68. The hydration of magnesium oxide from the vapor phase10.1021/j150566a006 ↗
69. Zur Entsäuerung von Papier mit Karbonaten
70. Evaluation of Bookkeeper process chemistry
71. Brandt · 1992 · 92
72. The Bookkeeper mass deacidification process: some effects on 20th century library material