journal article·2026-05-22

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs)-based hybrid organic–inorganic flame-retardant wood coating

Malav R. Sanghvi, Karan Chugh, S. T. Mhaske

Publisher page

Abstract

No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.

Source: Not provided · Quality: missing

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Flame retardant materials and properties · Polymer composites and self-healing · Fire dynamics and safety research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (100+)

Show source-provided references
1. He, Y, Wu, Y, Qu, W, Zhang, J, “Crack-resistant amino resin flame-retardant coatings using waterborne polyurethane as a co-binder resin.” Materials, 15 (12) 4122 (2022)10.3390/ma15124122 ↗
2. Sun, F-C, Fu, J-H, Peng, Y-X, Jiao, X-M, et al. “Dual-functional intumescent fire-retardant/self-healing water-based plywood coatings.” Progress in Organic Coatings, 154 (2021)10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106187 ↗
3. Riyazuddin, B, Samrin, H, Mabood, F, Khan, RA, et al. “Influence of antimony oxide on epoxy based intumescent flame retardation coating system.” Polymers, 12 (11) 1–14 (2020)10.3390/polym12112721 ↗
4. Riyazuddin, R, Nageswara, T, Hussain, I, Khan, SN, Koo, BH, “Effect of alumina trihydrate on intumescent flame retardant polymer composite coatings.” Polymer (Korea), 43 (6) 831–837 (2019)10.7317/pk.2019.43.6.831 ↗
5. Saxena, NK, Gupta, DR, “Development and evaluation of fire retardant coatings.” Fire Technology, 26 329–341 (1990)10.1007/BF01293077 ↗
6. Liang, Y, Xu, J, Ahmed, N, Shi, J, et al. “Construction of biomass-based flame-retardant, antimicrobial and hydrophobic wood coatings with POSS organic-inorganic nanoparticles.” European Polymer Journal, 219 113370 (2024)10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2024.113370 ↗
7. Mali, P, Sonawane, N, Patil, V, Mawale, R, Pawar, N, “Designing efficient UV-curable flame-retardant and antimicrobial wood coating: Phosphorodiamidate reactive diluent with epoxy acrylate.” Journal of Polymer Research, 28 (10) (2021)10.1007/s10965-021-02722-8 ↗
8. Lu, K-T, Chang, J-P, “Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of metal-containing linseed oil-based waterborne urethane oil wood coatings.” Polymers, 12 (3) (2020)10.3390/polym12030663 ↗
9. Calovi, M, Coroneo, V, Rossi, S, “Antibacterial efficiency over time and barrier properties of wood coatings with colloidal silver.” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 107 (19) 5975–5986 (2023)10.1007/s00253-023-12710-1 ↗
10. Shen, J, Liang, J, Lin, X, Lin, H, et al. “Recent progress in polymer-based building materials.” International Journal of Polymer Science, (2020)10.1155/2020/8838160 ↗
11. Mariappan, T, “Recent developments of intumescent fire protection coatings for structural steel: A review.” Journal of Fire Sciences, 34 (2) 120–163 (2016)10.1177/0734904115626720 ↗
12. Zybina, O, Gravit, M, “Basic ingredients of intumescent compositions.” In: Intumescent Coatings for Fire Protection of Building Structures and Materials, pp. 1–51. Springer Nature (2020)10.1007/978-3-030-59422-0_1 ↗
13. Liang, S, Neisius, NM, Gaan, S, “Recent developments in flame retardant polymeric coatings.” Progress in Organic Coatings, 76 (11) 1642–1665 (2013)10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.07.014 ↗
14. Malucelli, G, Carosio, F, Alongi, J, Fina, A, et al. “Materials engineering for surface-confined flame retardancy.” Materials Science and Engineering R: Reports, 84 (1) 1–20 (2014)10.1016/j.mser.2014.08.001 ↗
15. Wang, G, Yang, J, “Influences of molecular weight of epoxy binder on fire protection of waterborne intumescent fire resistive coating.” Surface and Coatings Technology, 206 (8–9) 2146–2151 (2012)10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.09.050 ↗
16. Camino, G, Costa, L, Martinasso, G, “Intumescent fire-retardant systems.” Polymer Degradation and Stability, 23 359–376 (1989)10.1016/0141-3910(89)90058-X ↗
17. Camino, G, Costa, L, Luda Di Cortemiglia, MP, “Overview of fire retardant mechanisms.” Polymer Degradation and Stability, 33 (2) 131–154 (1991)10.1016/0141-3910(91)90014-I ↗
18. Zeng, Y, Weinell, CE, Dam-Johansen, K, Ring, L, Kiil, S, “Effects of coating ingredients on the thermal properties and morphological structures of hydrocarbon intumescent coating chars.” Progress in Organic Coatings, 143 (2020)10.1016/j.porgcoat.2020.105626 ↗
19. Puri, RG, Khanna, AS, “Intumescent coatings: A review on recent progress.” Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 14 (1) 1–20 (2017)10.1007/s11998-016-9815-3 ↗
20. Jia, P, Zhu, Y, Lu, J, Wang, B, et al. “Multifunctional fireproof electromagnetic shielding polyurethane films with thermal management performance.” Chemical Engineering Journal, 439 135673 (2022)10.1016/j.cej.2022.135673 ↗
21. Zhang, Z, Li, X, Ma, Z, Ning, H, et al. “A facile and green strategy to simultaneously enhance the flame retardant and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) by introduction of a bio-based polyelectrolyte complex formed by chitosan and phytic acid.” Dalton Transactions, 49 (32) 11226–11237 (2020)10.1039/D0DT02019B ↗
22. Jia, P, Yu, F, Tao, Y, Sun, P, et al. “Multifunctional additive: A novel regulate strategy for improving mechanical property, aging life and fire safety of EVA composites.” Chemical Engineering Journal, 473 145283 (2023)10.1016/j.cej.2023.145283 ↗
23. Billmeyer, FW, Textbook of Polymer Science. Wiley (1984)
24. Bongiovanni, R, Vitale, A, “Smart multiphase polymer coatings for the protection of materials.” In: Smart Composite Coatings and Membranes: Transport, pp. 214–234. Elsevier Inc., Structural, Environmental and Energy Applications (2015)
25. Anandaraj, T, Mohan, PS, Krishnan, SM, Raghavan, M, “Interpenetrating polymer networks for coatings- properties, characterization, applications and current status.” Paint India, 51 43–54 (2001)
26. Karasu, F, Rocco, C, Zhang, Y, Croutxé-Barghorn, C, et al. “LED-cured self-replenishing hydrophobic coatings based on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs).” RSC Advances, 6 (40) 33971–33982 (2016)10.1039/C6RA03758E ↗
27. de Brito, M, Investigation of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks and Recent UV Curable Chemistries, (2011). Available from: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01261935
28. Dragan, ES, “Advances in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels and their applications.” In: Pure and Applied Chemistry, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, pp. 1707–1721 (2014)10.1515/pac-2014-0713 ↗
29. Krishnan, SM, Mohan, PS, “Studies on corrosion resistant properties of inhibitive primed IPN coating systems in comparison with epoxy-PU systems.” Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 4 (1) 89–100 (2007)10.1007/s11998-007-9004-5 ↗
30. Palraj, S, Selvaraj, M, Vidhya, M, Rajagopal, G, “Synthesis and characterization of epoxy-silicone-polythiophene interpenetrating polymer network for corrosion protection of steel.” Progress in Organic Coatings, 75 (4) 356–363 (2012)10.1016/j.porgcoat.2012.07.014 ↗
31. Athawale, VD, Kolekar, SL, Raut, SS, “Recent developments in polyurethanes and poly(acrylates) interpenetrating polymer networks.” Journal of Macromolecular Science - Polymer Reviews, 43 (1) 1–26 (2003)10.1081/MC-120018018 ↗
32. Sperling, LH, “Interpenetrating polymer networks: An overview.” In: Interpenetrating Polymer Networks, pp. 3–38. ACS Publications (1994)10.1021/ba-1994-0239.ch001 ↗
33. Das, S, Kalita, H, Mohanty, S, Nayak, SK, “Soybean oil-based polyurethane–(poly)acrylonitrile interpenetrating polymer networks as transparent coating materials.” Advances in Polymer Technology, 37 (4) 1050–1060 (2018)10.1002/adv.21755 ↗
34. Neema, S, Selvaraj, M, Raguraman, J, Ramu, S, “Investigating the self healing process on coated steel by SVET and EIS techniques.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 127 (1) 740–747 (2013)10.1002/app.37791 ↗
35. Price, LN, Ryntz, RA, Li, XH, Huetos, AH, Xiao, HX, Frisch, KC, Suthar, B, “Investigation of the effects of formulation on selected properties of UV curable IPN coatings.” Journal of Coatings Technology, 70 151–156 (1998)10.1007/BF02730085 ↗
36. Jixuan, W, Chunxia, Z, Yunchao, L, Yuntao, L, et al. “A simple and green strategy for preparing poly(vinyl alcohol)/phosphate cellulose aerogel with enhanced flame-retardant properties.” Polymer Engineering and Science, 61 (3) 693–705 (2021)10.1002/pen.25609 ↗
37. Nagarkar, R, Patel, J, “Polyvinyl alcohol: A comprehensive study.” Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Studies, 3 (4) (2019)
38. Li, J, Suo, J, Deng, R, “Structure, mechanical, and swelling behaviors of poly(vinyl alcohol)/SiO2 hybrid membranes.” Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 29 (4) 618–629 (2010)10.1177/0731684408100696 ↗
39. Pingan, H, Mengjun, J, Yanyan, Z, Ling, H, “A silica/PVA adhesive hybrid material with high transparency, thermostability and mechanical strength.” RSC Advances, 7 (5) 2450–2459 (2017)10.1039/C6RA25579E ↗
40. Pirzada, T, Shah, SS, “Water-resistant poly(vinyl alcohol)-silica hybrids through sol-gel processing.” Chemical Engineering and Technology, 37 (4) 620–626 (2014)10.1002/ceat.201300295 ↗
41. Lim, M, Kim, D, Seo, J, Han, H, “Preparation and properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/vinyltrimethoxysilane (PVA/VTMS) hybrid films with enhanced thermal stability and oxygen barrier properties.” Macromolecular Research, 22 (10) 1096–1103 (2014)10.1007/s13233-014-2146-2 ↗
42. Luo, M, Xu, J, Lv, S, Yuan, X, Liang, X, “Enhanced Thermal Insulation and Flame-Retardant Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Aerogels Composited with Ammonium Polyphosphate and Chitosan.” International Journal of Polymer Science, (2021)10.1155/2021/5555916 ↗
43. Tao, W, Yu, L, Shi, F, Shang, K, Chen, MJ, et al. “Efficient approach to improving the flame retardancy of poly(vinyl alcohol)/clay aerogels: Incorporating piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphate.” ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 7 (3) 1780–1786 (2015)10.1021/am507409d ↗
44. Yusuf, M, “A review on flame retardant textile finishing: Current and future trends.” Current Smart Materials, 3 (2) 99–108 (2018)10.2174/2405465803666180703110858 ↗
45. Dodda, JM, Bělský, P, Chmelař, J, Remiš, T, et al. “Comparative study of PVA/SiO2 and PVA/SiO2/glutaraldehyde (GA) nanocomposite membranes prepared by single-step solution casting method.” Journal of Materials Science, 50 (19) 6477–6490 (2015)10.1007/s10853-015-9206-7 ↗
46. Marques, RS, Mac Leod, TCO, Yoshida, IVP, Mano, V, et al., “Synthesis and characterization of semi-interpenetrating networks based on poly(dimethylsiloxane) and poly(vinyl alcohol).” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 115 (1) 158–166 (2010)10.1002/app.31006 ↗
47. Li, G, You, F, Zhou, S, Wang, Z, et al. “Preparations, characterizations, thermal and flame retardant properties of cotton fabrics finished by boron-silica sol-gel coatings.” Polymer Degradation and Stability, 202 (2022)10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110011 ↗
48. Zhou, C, Zhou, S, You, F, Wang, Z, et al. “Effectively improving flame retardancy levels of finished cotton fabrics only by simple binary silicon-boron oxide sols.” Journal of Polymer Research, 30 (12) (2023)10.1007/s10965-023-03812-5 ↗
49. Satdive, A, Mestry, S, Borse, P, Mhaske, S, “Phosphorus- and silicon-containing amino curing agent for epoxy resin.” Iranian Polymer Journal (English Edition), 29 (5) 433–443 (2020)10.1007/s13726-020-00808-6 ↗
50. Zheng, P, Zhao, H, Li, J, Liu, Q, et al. “A multi-element flame retardant containing boron and double-bond structure for enhancing mechanical properties and flame retardancy of epoxy resins.” Scientific Reports, 14 (1) (2024)10.1038/s41598-024-58709-0 ↗
51. LeVan, SL, Tran, HC, The Role of Boron in Flame Retardant Treatments. USDA Forest Service (1990)
52. Fang, Q, Ding, X, Wu, X, Jiang, L, “Synthesis and characterization of a novel functional monomer containing two allylphenoxy groups and one S-triazine ring and the properties of its copolymer with 4,4 0-bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BMDPM).” Polymer, 42 (18) 7595–7602 (2001)10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00274-9 ↗
53. Sojitra, PN, Patel, KC, Patel, HS, “High performance polyamides based on s-triazine ring: Synthesis and characterization.” High Performance Polymers, 22 (8) 974–988 (2010)10.1177/0954008310378054 ↗
54. Lewis, DM, Voncina, B, “Durable press finishing of cotton with polycarboxylic acids. I. Preparation of thiosuccinyl-s-triazine.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 66 (8) 1465–1474 (1997)10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19971121)66:8<1465::AID-APP7>3.0.CO;2-C ↗
55. Vogel, AI, Jeffery, GH, Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. Longman Scientific & Technical (1989)
56. Lai, X, Zeng, X, Li, H, Liao, F, et al. “Synergistic effect between a triazine-based macromolecule and melamine pyrophosphate in flame retardant polypropylene.” Polymer Composites, 33 (1) 35–43 (2012)10.1002/pc.21250 ↗
57. Riyazuddin, B, Samrin, H, Fohad Mabood, S, Akhter, J, et al. “Role of copper oxide on epoxy coatings with new intumescent polymer-based fire retardant.” Molecules, 25 (24) (2020)10.3390/molecules25245978 ↗
58. Xie, H, Lai, X, Li, H, Zeng, X, “Fabrication of ZrP nanosheet decorated macromolecular charring agent and its efficient synergism with ammonium polyphosphate in flame-retarding polypropylene.” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 105 223–234 (2018)10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.12.001 ↗
59. Yao, LD, Li, FY, Li, JX, Jin, CQ, Yu, RC, “Study of the products of melamine (C3N6H6) treated at high pressure and high temperature.” Physica Status Solidi (A) Applications and Materials Science, 202 (14) 2679–2685 (2005)10.1002/pssa.200421177 ↗
60. Liu, C, Zhang, L, Mu, L, Zuo, D, et al. “Synergistic effects between a triazine-based charring agent and aluminum phosphinate on the intumescent flame retardance of thermoplastic polyether ester.” Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A: Pure and Applied Chemistry, 56 (7) 723–732 (2019)10.1080/10601325.2019.1601497 ↗
61. Zhang, Y, Liu, J, Li, S, Zhao, W, “Synthesis of a self-intumescent flame retardant of branched polyphosphoramide and its performance for epoxy resins.” Proceedings of the 2017 6th International Conference on Measurement, Instrumentation and Automation (ICMIA 2017).10.2991/icmia-17.2017.106 ↗
62. Abuhimd, H, Rao, N, Tentu, S, Il, Jung, YP, et al. “Influence of magnesium aluminate nanoparticles on epoxy-based intumescent flame retardation coating system.” Coatings, 10 (10) 1–17 (2020)10.3390/coatings10100968 ↗
63. Huo, S, Wang, J, Yang, S, Cai, H, et al. “Synergistic effect between a novel triazine-based flame retardant and DOPO/HPCP on epoxy resin.” Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 29 (11) 2774–2783 (2018)10.1002/pat.4400 ↗
64. Merline, DJ, Vukusic, S, Abdala, AA, “Melamine formaldehyde: Curing studies and reaction mechanism.” Polymer Journal, 45 (4) 413–419 (2013)10.1038/pj.2012.162 ↗
65. Xu, B, Wu, X, Ma, W, Qian, L, et al. “Synthesis and characterization of a novel organic-inorganic hybrid char-forming agent and its flame-retardant application in polypropylene composites.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 134 231–242 (2018)10.1016/j.jaap.2018.06.013 ↗
66. Launer, PJ, Arkles, B, “Infrared analysis of organosilicon compounds: Spectra-structure correlations.” Silicone Compounds Register and Review, (1987)
67. Shao, G, Wu, X, Kong, Y, Cui, S, et al. “Thermal shock behavior and infrared radiation property of integrative insulations consisting of MoSi2/borosilicate glass coating and fibrous ZrO2 ceramic substrate.” Surface and Coatings Technology, 270 154–163 (2015)10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.03.008 ↗
68. Irwin, AD, Holmgren, JS, Zerda, TW, Jonas, J, “Spectroscopic investigations of borosiloxane bond formation in the sol-gel process.” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 89 191–205 (1987)10.1016/S0022-3093(87)80332-0 ↗
69. Shilova, OA, Tsvetkova, IN, Khamova, TV, Angelov, B, et al. “Sol-gel synthesis and structure of nanocomposites based on tetraethoxysilane and boron compounds.” Glass Physics and Chemistry, 47 S48–S62 (2021)10.1134/S1087659621070099 ↗
70. Kaşgöz, A, Misono, T, Abe, Y, “Sol-gel preparation of borosilicates.” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 243 168–174 (1999)10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00821-7 ↗
71. Tsvetkova, IN, Shilova, OA, Shilov, VV, Shaulov, AYu, et al. “Sol-gel synthesis and investigation of hybrid organic-inorganic borosilicate nanocomposites.” Glass Physics and Chemistry, 32 (2) 218–227 (2006)10.1134/S1087659606020155 ↗
72. Mansur, HS, Sadahira, CM, Souza, AN, Mansur, AAP, “FTIR spectroscopy characterization of poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel with different hydrolysis degree and chemically crosslinked with glutaraldehyde.” Materials Science and Engineering C, 28 (4) 539–548 (2008)10.1016/j.msec.2007.10.088 ↗
73. Riyadh, SM, Khalil, KD, Bashal, AH, “Structural properties and catalytic activity of binary poly(vinyl alcohol)/Al2O3 nanocomposite film for synthesis of thiazoles.” Catalysts, 10 (1) (2020)10.3390/catal10010100 ↗
74. Kharazmi, A, Faraji, N, Hussin, RM, Saion, E, et al. “Structural, optical, opto-thermal and thermal properties of ZnS-PVA nanofluids synthesized through a radiolytic approach.” Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 6 (1) 529–536 (2015)10.3762/bjnano.6.55 ↗
75. Figueiredo, KCS, Alves, Tito, LM, Borges, CP, “Poly(vinyl alcohol) films crosslinked by glutaraldehyde under mild conditions.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 111 (6) 3074–3080 (2009)10.1002/app.29263 ↗
76. Mansur, HS Mansur, AAP, “Small angle X-ray scattering, FTIR and SEM characterization of nanostructured PVA/TEOS hybrids by chemical crosslinking.” MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL), 873 (2005)10.1557/PROC-873-K1.9 ↗
77. Matty, FS, Sultan, MT, Amine, AKh, “Swelling behavior of cross-link PVA with glutaraldehyde.” Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences, 28 (2015)
78. Hu, XP, Li, WY, Zhong, WY, “Synthesis and characterization of a novel nitrogen-containing flame retardant.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 94 (4) 1556–1561 (2004)10.1002/app.20792 ↗
79. Xu, ZZ, Huang, JQ, Chen, MJ, Tan, Y, Zhong, WY, “Flame retardant mechanism of an efficient flame-retardant polymeric synergist with ammonium polyphosphate for polypropylene.” Polymer Degradation and Stability, 98 (10) 2011–2020 (2013)10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.07.010 ↗
80. Bhaw-Luximon, A, Jhurry, D, Motala-Timol, S, Lochee, Y, “Polymerization of e-caprolactone and its copolymerization with g-butyrolactone using metal complexes.” Macromolecular Symposia, 231 60–68 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.20059002510.1002/masy.200590025 ↗
81. Wang, X, Wang, Z, Li, J, “Effects of a semi-bio-based triazine derivative on intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene.” Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 30 (5) 1259–1268 (2019)10.1002/pat.4559 ↗
82. Jincheng, W, Shenglin, Y, Guang, L, Jianming, J, “Synthesis of a new-type carbonific and its application in intumescent flame-retardant (IFR)/polyurethane coatings.” Journal of Fire Sciences, 21 (2003)10.1177/0734904103021004001 ↗
83. Dai, J, Li, B, “Synthesis, thermal degradation, and flame retardance of novel triazine ring-containing macromolecules for intumescent flame retardant polypropylene.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 116 (4) 2157–2165 (2010)10.1002/app.31813 ↗
84. Wang, J, Li, G, Yang, S, Jiang, J, “New intumescent flame-retardant agent: Application to polyurethane coatings.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 91 1193–1206 (2004)10.1002/app.13192 ↗
85. Crucho, CIC, Baleizão, C, Farinha, JPS, “Functional group coverage and conversion quantification in nanostructured silica by 1H NMR.” Analytical Chemistry, 89 (1) 681–687 (2017)10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03117 ↗
86. Shi, Z, Wang, X (2007) “Synthesis of α,ω-bis(3-aminopropyldiethoxylsilane) poly(tri fluoropropylmethyl)siloxanes.” e-Polymers, 041 (2007)10.1515/epoly.2007.7.1.481 ↗
87. Lu, H-T, “Synthesis and characterization of amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles.” Colloid Journal, 75 (3) (2013)10.1134/S1061933X13030125 ↗
88. Rudra, R, Kumar, V, Kundu, PP, “Acid catalysed cross-linking of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) by glutaraldehyde: effect of crosslink density on the characteristics of PVA membranes used in single chambered microbial fuel cells.” RSC Advances, 5 (101) 83436–83447 (2015)10.1039/C5RA16068E ↗
89. Zhang, X, Yan, C, Fang, S, Zhang, C, et al. “A water-soluble organic-inorganic hybrid material based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and polyvinyl alcohol.” Journal of Polymer Research, 17 (5) 631–638 (2010)10.1007/s10965-009-9351-2 ↗
90. Pan, H, Qian, X, Ma, L, Song, L, et al. “Preparation of a novel biobased flame retardant containing phosphorus and nitrogen and its performance on the flame retardancy and thermal stability of poly(vinyl alcohol).” Polymer Degradation and Stability, 106 47–53 (2014)10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.02.020 ↗
91. Hong, X, Zou, L, Zhao, J, Li, C, Cong, L, “Dry-wet spinning of PVA fiber with high strength and high Young’s modulus.” In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Institute of Physics Publishing (2018)
92. Awada, H, Daneault, C, “Chemical modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) in water.” Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 5 (4) 840–850 (2015)10.3390/app5040840 ↗
93. Yang, H, Xu, S, Jiang, L, Dan, Y, “Thermal decomposition behavior of poly (vinyl alcohol) with different hydroxyl content.” Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B: Physics, 51 (3) 464–480 (2012)10.1080/00222348.2011.597687 ↗
94. Hu, S, Song, L, Hu, Y, “Preparation and characterization of chitosan-based flame retardant and its thermal and combustible behavior on polyvinyl alcohol.” Polymer - Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52 (4) 393–399 (2013)10.1080/03602559.2012.754465 ↗
95. Mota, RCdAG, da Silva, EO and de Menezes, LR, “Effect of the addiction of metal oxide nanoparticles on the physical, chemical and thermal properties of PVA based nanocomposites.” Materials Sciences and Applications, 09 (05) 473–488 (2018)10.4236/msa.2018.95033 ↗
96. Jia, X, Li, Y, Cheng, Q, Zhang, S, Zhang, B, “Preparation and properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/silica nanocomposites derived from copolymerization of vinyl silica nanoparticles and vinyl acetate.” European Polymer Journal, 43 (4) 1123–1131 (2007)10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.01.019 ↗
97. Rane, UG, Sabnis, AA, Shertukde, VV, “Synthesis and characterization of imide containing hybrid epoxy resin with improved mechanical and thermal properties.” International Journal of Polymer Science, (2014)10.1155/2014/941793 ↗
98. Jhajharia, V, Patil, R, Mestry, S, Mhaske, ST, “P- and Si-modified shellac for flame-retardant epoxy-based coatings.” Iranian Polymer Journal (English Edition), 30 (9) 907–916 (2021)10.1007/s13726-021-00941-w ↗
99. van Krevelen, DW, “Some basic aspects of flame resistance of polymeric materials.” Polymer, 16 (8) 615–620 (1975)10.1016/0032-3861(75)90157-3 ↗
100. Cui, M, Li, J, Chen, X, Hong, W, et al. “A halogen-free, flame retardant, waterborne polyurethane coating based on the synergistic effect of phosphorus and silicon.” Progress in Organic Coatings, 158 (2021)10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106359 ↗