Anticancer effect of novel platinum nanocomposite beads on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells

Abstract Nanoparticles are used in industry and medicine, because of their physiochemical properties, such as size, charge, large surface area and surface reactivity. Recently, metal nanoparticles were reported to show cell toxicity on cancer cells. In this study, we focused novel platinum nanoparticles‐conjugated latex beads (P2VPs), platinum nanocomposite (PtNCP) beads, and investigated the possibility to incorporate novel anti‐cancer effect of these combined nanoparticles. Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, HSC‐3‐M3 cells were injected subcutaneously into the back of nude mice to produce a xenograft model. PtNCP beads were injected locally and examined by measuring tumor volume and comparing pathological histology. PtNCP beads treatment suppressed tumor growth and identified increasing pathological necrotic areas, in vivo. PtNCP beads inhibited the cell viability of HSC‐3‐M3 cells in dose‐dependent manner and induced the cytotoxicity with extracellular LDH value, in vitro. Furthermore, SEM images were morphologically observed in PtNCP beads‐treated HSC‐3‐M3 cells. The aggregation of the PtNCP beads on the cell membrane, the destructions of the cell membrane and globular structures were observed in the SEM image. Our results indicated that a potential anti‐cancer effect of the PtNCP beads, suggesting the possibility as a therapeutic tool for cancer cell‐targeted therapy. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2281–2287, 2019.