3D Printed Lattice Template by Material Extrusion Technique for Fabrication of Pixelated Photodetector
Source abstract
Abstract
Rigid and flexible, pixelated ultraviolet photodetectors (PD) based on ZnO have been fabricated by material extrusion 3D printing technique. The photoresponse is studied in an out-of-plane configuration. An open lattice structure is printed using PLA over ITO/Glass substrate for rigid, and TPU over ITO/PET substrate for flexible PDs. ZnO slurry is filled selectively into the columnar matrix by the microdispensing technique. The optical detector printed on ITO/Glass substrate shows a sensitivity of 25 and responsivity of 1.55 nA/mW with a rise and decay time of 1.6 and 0.6 s, respectively. Similarly, the flexible PD printed using TPU lattice shows a sensitivity of 9.5 and responsivity of 0.38 nA/mW with a rise and decay time of 1.8 and 0.6 s, respectively. The charge transport mechanism is studied using band diagram analysis. 3D printed open lattice structure is found to be a potential template for sensor fabrication. This work demonstrates the capability of material extrusion 3D printing with an open lattice structure for the fabrication of high-resolution pixelated PDs.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials · Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors · Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India.
Advanced Materials and Device Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India.
References (66)
Show source-provided references
1. 10.3390/ma1401019110.3390/ma14010191 ↗
2. 10.3389/fmech.2020.58917110.3389/fmech.2020.589171 ↗
3. Zhu F, , Macdonald NP, , Cooper JM, et al. Additive manufacturing of lab-on-a-chip devices. Int Soc Opt Eng, 2013; 8923:892344; doi: 10.1117/12.2033400
4. Espera AHJr., , Dizon JRC, , Valino AD, et al. Valino. Advancing flexible electronics and additive manufacturing. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2022; 61; doi: 10.35848/1347-4065/ac621a
5. Zuo XD, , Zhang W, , Chen Y, et al. Wire-based directed energy deposition of NiTiTa shape memory alloys: Microstructure, phase transformation, electrochemistry, X-ray visibility and mechanical properties. Addit Manuf, 2022; 59:103115; doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2022.103115
6. 10.1016/j.msea.2022.14313510.1016/j.msea.2022.143135 ↗
7. 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.11148010.1016/j.matdes.2022.111480 ↗
8. 10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.00110.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.001 ↗
9. Khandelwal R. Additive manufacturing in the automotive industry. Int Res J Eng Technol, 2020; 7(8).
10. 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.01710.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.017 ↗
11. 10.1016/j.trac.2020.11617710.1016/j.trac.2020.116177 ↗
12. 10.1039/D0TC03219K10.1039/D0TC03219K ↗
13. 10.1039/D1TC05101F10.1039/D1TC05101F ↗
14. 10.3390/s1912266110.3390/s19122661 ↗
15. 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.12.02810.1016/j.orgel.2018.12.028 ↗
16. 10.1039/c4ee00960f10.1039/c4ee00960f ↗
17. 10.1155/2013/62721510.1155/2013/627215 ↗
18. 10.1016/j.mee.2012.03.03210.1016/j.mee.2012.03.032 ↗
19. 10.1038/s41598-021-97312-510.1038/s41598-021-97312-5 ↗
20. 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.11059110.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110591 ↗
21. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-010110.1515/ntrev-2020-0101 ↗
22. Dandgaval O, , Bichkar P. Rapid prototyping technology—Study of fused deposition modeling technique. Int J Mech Eng, 2016; 4(4).
23. 10.1016/j.addma.2021.10237810.1016/j.addma.2021.102378 ↗
24. 10.1186/s40580-020-00243-610.1186/s40580-020-00243-6 ↗
25. Zolfagharian A, , Kaynak A, , Kouzani A. Closed-loop 4D-printed soft robots. Mater Des, 2019; 188; doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411
26. 10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.10833610.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108336 ↗
27. 10.1038/s41598-019-54518-y10.1038/s41598-019-54518-y ↗
28. 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c0007410.1021/acs.iecr.0c00074 ↗
29. 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.31010.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.310 ↗
30. 10.3390/polym1212279210.3390/polym12122792 ↗
31. 10.1007/s00170-019-04085-310.1007/s00170-019-04085-3 ↗
32. 10.1038/s41586-020-2813-810.1038/s41586-020-2813-8 ↗
33. 10.1021/la103442b10.1021/la103442b ↗
34. 10.1039/D0FD00033G10.1039/D0FD00033G ↗
35. 10.1108/RPJ-10-2018-026210.1108/RPJ-10-2018-0262 ↗
36. 10.3390/ma1220345510.3390/ma12203455 ↗
37. 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.05.05910.1016/j.matdes.2018.05.059 ↗
38. Reddy AH, , Davuluri S, , Boyina D. 3D Printed Lattice Structures: A Brief Review. In Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties (Nap-2020), Sumy, Ukraine, 9–13 Nov. 2022; 2020.
39. 10.1038/s41467-022-34819-z10.1038/s41467-022-34819-z ↗
40. 10.1016/j.mattod.2015.06.00110.1016/j.mattod.2015.06.001 ↗
41. Gupta S, , Kedia J. A review on silicon-based photodetectors. Int J Innov Res Sci Eng Technol, 2016; 5(2):1245–1252.
42. 10.1109/JSEN.2012.219210310.1109/JSEN.2012.2192103 ↗
43. Wang HY, , Sun Y, , Chen J, et al. A review of perovskite-based photodetectors and their applications. Nanomaterials, 2022; 12(24);4390; doi: 10.3390/nano12244390
44. Liu D, , Guo Y, , Que M, et al. Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals: Application in high-performance photodetectors. R Soc Chem, 2021; 2:856–879; doi: 10.1039/d0ma00796j
45. 10.1063/1.151716410.1063/1.1517164 ↗
46. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.13047310.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130473 ↗
47. 10.1039/C9NA00130A10.1039/C9NA00130A ↗
48. 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf54510.1088/1361-6528/aaf545 ↗
49. Bisht BP, , Toutam V, , Dhakate SR, et al. 3D printed ZnO-polyurethane acrylate resin composite for wide spectral photo response optical detectors. Sens Actuator A Phys Physical, 2023; 351; doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2023.114165
50. 10.1021/acssensors.9b0254410.1021/acssensors.9b02544 ↗
51. 10.1002/adma.20180398010.1002/adma.201803980 ↗
52. 10.5370/KIEE.2016.65.5.82510.5370/KIEE.2016.65.5.825 ↗
53. Simon I. What Is FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D Printing?. 2021. Available from: https://www.hubs.com/knowledge-base/what-is-fdm-3d-printing [Last accessed: December01 2022].
54. 10.1155/2019/583836110.1155/2019/5838361 ↗
55. 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.03.00510.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.03.005 ↗
56. 10.1088/0305-4608/3/9/01610.1088/0305-4608/3/9/016 ↗
57. 10.1038/am.2016.8910.1038/am.2016.89 ↗
58. 10.1007/s12274-011-0160-710.1007/s12274-011-0160-7 ↗
59. 10.1021/acsomega.7b0091410.1021/acsomega.7b00914 ↗
60. 10.1116/1.58050210.1116/1.580502 ↗
61. 10.1007/s10854-020-03280-310.1007/s10854-020-03280-3 ↗
62. 10.1021/acsami.6b1443010.1021/acsami.6b14430 ↗
63. 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.12410310.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124103 ↗
64. 10.1186/s11671-020-03405-x10.1186/s11671-020-03405-x ↗
65. 10.1088/1361-6528/aa57ae10.1088/1361-6528/aa57ae ↗
66. 10.1088/1361-6528/ab474e10.1088/1361-6528/ab474e ↗