Potential of Graphene-Functionalized Polymer Surfaces for Dental Applications: A Systematic review

Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial, has garnered widespread attention across various fields due to its outstanding properties. In dental implantology, researchers are exploring the use of graphene-functionalized polymer surfaces to enhance both the osseointegration process and the long-term success of dental implants. This review consolidates evidence from in-vivo and in-vitro studies, highlighting graphene's capacity to improve bone-to-implant contact, exhibit antibacterial properties, and enhance mechanical strength. This research investigates the effects of incorporating graphene derivatives into polymer materials on tissue response and compatibility. Among 123 search results, 14 articles meeting the predefined criteria were analyzed. The study primarily focuses on assessing the impact of GO and rGO on cellular function and stability in implants. Results indicate promising improvements in cellular function and stability with the use of GO-coated or composited implants. However, it is noted that interactions between Graphene derivatives and polymers may alter the inherent properties of the materials. Therefore, further rigorous research is deemed imperative to fully elucidate their potential in human applications. Such comprehensive understanding is essential for unlocking the extensive benefits associated with the utilization of Graphene derivatives in biomedical contexts.