Evaluation of polypropylene mesh coated with biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen

Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response. Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties. This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds. Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process. After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa. After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. Meanwhile, the composite stimulated granulation tissue growth, and promoted matrix deposition and angiogenesis after 7 and 14 days. In conclusion, the modified temporary abdominal closure composite could significantly protect the intestines from mechanical damage and accelerate wound healing.