Low-temperature synthesis of LiCoO₂ with eutectic of lithium precursors via the solid-state reaction method

Lithium cobalt oxide powders have been prepared via the solid-state reaction method at lower temperatures (650 and 750°C) and in a shorter time (2 h). The eutectic effects of LiOH· H2O and Li2CO3 salts on the formation of LiCoO2 was investigated. The effects of the molar ratio of LiOH·H2O to Li2CO3, the sintering temperature and the molar ratio of Li/Co on the physicochemical properties of LiCoO2 powders were examined, especially, by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and charge-discharge cycling tests. LiCoO2 prepared at 750°C and 2 h with a molar ratio (9:1) between these of LiOH·H2O and Li2CO3 showed the best electrochemical properties (discharge capacity 98.3 mAhg−1 and capacity retention 80.7% after 50 cycles at 1C).