Caffeine‐reinforced Collagen as Localized Microenvironmental Trans‐Browning Bio‐Matrix for Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration in Bariatric Condition

Abstract The wound exudates, hypoperfusion of the subcutaneous fat layer, and poor vasculature worsen wound management in obese subjects. In the current study, a multifunctional Caffeine‐reinforced collagen biomaterial is developed that can simultaneously modulate lipid metabolism and angiogenesis in obese wound microenvironments for faster tissue regeneration. The biomaterial is fabricated specialized for obese conditions to initiate simultaneous lipolysis and angiogenesis locally in the hypoxic subcutaneous fat in wound margins of obese subjects. Caffeine‐reinforced collagen biomatrix shows better structural integrity, thermal stability, bio‐compatibility, and lesser proteolytic susceptibility. Caffeine‐collagen biomaterial promote angiogenesis, fibroblast migration, and localized browning of white adipocytes to activate thermogenesis in the subcutaneous fat layer at the wound site. Full‐thickness excision wound healing studies performed in obese C57BL6 mice shows faster wound closure within day 9 when compare to control mice. The Caffeine‐reinforced collagen biomaterial remodeled the wound site locally by activating fibroblast to secrete collagen, activate endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis, and induce browning in white adipocytes in subcutaneous fat. The study opens a new direction in bariatric tissue regenerative medicine by locally modulating lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, and trans‐browning at the injured site for faster complete restoration of the damaged tissue.