Predicting Bond Strength between FRP Plates and Concrete Sub-strate: Applications of GMDH and MNLR Approaches
Source abstract
Abstract
Debonding of the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement due to shear stresses is a very significant issue in design of concrete structures. Several experimental and theoretical investigations have been carried out to produce a relationship between the shear bond strength and the governing variables. However, existing empirical models do not provide an accurate prediction due to the complexity of the debonding process. In the present study, group method of data handling (GMDH) network as a novel machine learning approach was employed to predict the externally bond strength between FRP composites and concrete structures. The GMDH model was developed based on a reliable database including 342 experimental tests obtained from literature. The GMDH results were compared to the most common existing equations and also to the regression approaches developed in this study through statistical error parameters. Furthermore, some correction factors for four well-known equations were suggested based on regression approaches to improve their accuracy. Results indicated that the developed GMDH model outperformed the existing equations and also the developed regression-based equations in terms of both accuracy and safety aspects. Finally, parametric and sensitivity analyses were performed for further verification of the developed GMDH model in capturing the underlying physical behaviors of bond strength.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete · Concrete Corrosion and Durability · Innovative concrete reinforcement materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of civil engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran.
School of civil engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
References (55)
Show source-provided references
1. 1) Adhikary, B. B. and Mutsuyoshi, H., (2001). “Study on the bond between concrete and externally bonded CFRP sheet.” Proceedings of 5th international symposium on Fiber Reinforced Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-5), Thomas Telford Publishing, 371-378.
2. 2) Bakis, C. E., Bank, L. C., Brown, V. L., Cosenza, E., Davalos, J. F. and Lesko, J. J., (2002). “Fiber-reinforced polymer composites for construction state of-the-art review.” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 6(2), 73-87.10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:2(73) ↗
3. 3) Camli, U. S. and Binici, B., (2007). “Strength of carbon fiber reinforced polymers bonded to concrete and masonry.” Construction and Building Materials, 21, 1431-46.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.07.003 ↗
4. 4) Carloni, C. and Subramaniam, K. V., (2010). “Direct determination of cohesive stress transfer during debonding of FRP from concrete.” Composite Structures, 93(1), 184-192.10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.05.024 ↗
5. 5) Carrara, P. and Ferretti, D., (2013). “A finite-difference model with mixed interface laws for shear tests of FRP plates bonded to concrete.” Composites Part B: Engineering, 54, 329-342.10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.05.030 ↗
6. 6) Chajes, M., Finch, W. W. J., Januszka, T. F. and Thonson, T. A. J., (1996) “Bond and force transfer of composite material plates bonded to concrete.” ACI Structural Journal, 93(2), 208-217.
7. 7) Chen, F. J. and Teng, G. J., (2001). “Anchorage strength models for FRP and steel plates bonded to concrete.” Journal of Structural Engineering, 127(7), 784-791.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:7(784) ↗
8. 8) CNR-DT 200, (2004). “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening existing structures.” Rome (Italy): Italian National Research Council.
9. 9) Collins, M. P., (2001). “Evaluation of shear design procedures for concrete structures.” A Report prepared for the CSA technical committee on reinforced concrete design.
10. 10) Dai, J., Ueda, T. and Sato, Y., (2005). “Development of the nonlinear bond stress-slip model of fiber reinforced plastics sheet-concrete interfaces with a simple method.” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 9(1), 52-62.10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:1(52) ↗
11. 11) Dai, J. G., Ueda, T. and Sato, Y., (2006). “Unified analytical approaches for determining shear bond characteristics of FRP-concrete interfaces through pullout tests.” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 4, 133-145.10.3151/jact.4.133 ↗
12. 12) D’Antino, T. and Pellegrino, C., (2014). “Bond between FRP composites and concrete: Assessment of design procedures and analytical models.” Composites Part B: Engineering, 60, 440-456.10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.12.075 ↗
13. 13) De Lorezis, L., Miller, B. and Nanni, A., (2001). “Bond of fiber-reinforced polymer laminates to concrete.” ACI Materials Journal, 98(3), 256-264.
14. 14) Diab, H. M. and Farghal, O. A., (2014). “Bond strength and effective bond length of FRP sheets/plates bonded to concrete considering the type of adhesive layer.” Composites Part B: Engineering, 58, 618-624.10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.10.075 ↗
15. 15) Ferracuti, B., Savoia, M. and Mazzotti, C., (2007). “Interface law for FRP-concrete delamination.” Composite Structures, 80(4), 523-531.10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.07.001 ↗
16. 16) fib, (2001).”Externally bonded FRP reinforcement for RC structures.” fib Bulletin 14 TC Report, 2001.
17. 17) Fu-quan, X., Jian-Guang, G. and Yu, C., (2001). “Bond strength between CFRP sheets and concrete, in FRP Composites in Civil Engineering.” Proceedings of the International Conference on FRP composites in Civil Engineering, Hong Kong, 337-363.
18. 18) Ivakhnenko, A. G., (1971). “Polynomial theory of complex systems.” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.10.1109/TSMC.1971.4308320 ↗
19. 19) Ivakhnenko, A. G. and Ivakhnenko, G. A., (2000). “Problems of further development of the group method of data handling algorithms Part 1.” Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, 110.
20. 20) Japan Concrete Institute (JCI), (2003). “Technical report of technical committee on retrofit technology.” In: Proceedings of the international symposium on latest achievement of technology and research on retrofitting concrete structures.
21. 21) Kashyap, J., Willis, C. R., Griffith, M. C., Ingham, J. M. and Masia, M. J., (2012). “Debonding resistance of FRP-to-clay brick masonry joints.” Engineering Structures, 41, 186-198.10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.03.032 ↗
22. 22) Kaw, A. K. (2006). “Mechanics of composite materials.” 2nd Ed., Taylor & Francis Group, New York.
23. 23) Khalifa, A., Gold, W. J., Nanni, A. and Aziz, A., (1998). “Contribution of externally bonded FRP to shear capacity of RC flexural members.” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 2(4), 195-203.10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1998)2:4(195) ↗
24. 24) Kolluru, V. S., Christian, C. and Lucio, N., (2007). “Width effect in the interface fracture during shear debonding of FRP sheets from concrete.” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 74(4), 578-594.10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.09.002 ↗
25. 25) Lu, X. Z., Ye, L. P., Teng, J. G. and Jiang, J. J., (2005). “Meso-scale finite element model for FRP sheets/ plates bonded to concrete.” Engineering Structures, 27(4), 564-575.10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.11.015 ↗
26. 26) Lu, X. Z., Teng, J. G., Ye, L. P. and Jiang, J. J., (2005). “Bond-slip models for FRP sheets/plates bonded to concrete.” Engineering Structures, 27(6), 920-937.10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.01.014 ↗
27. 27) Maeda, T., Asano, Y., Sato, Y., Ueda, T. and Kakuta, Y., (1997). “A study on bond mechanism of carbon fiber sheet.” In: Proceedings of 3rd international symposium on nonmetallic (FRP) reinforcement for concrete structures, Sapporo, Japan Concrete Institute, 1, 279-285.
28. 28) Malena, M. and de Felice, G., (2014). “Debonding of composites on a curved masonry substrate: Experimental results and analytical formulation.” Composite Structures, 112, 194-206.10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.02.004 ↗
29. 29) Mansouri, I. and Kisb, O., (2015). “Prediction of debonding strength for masonry elements retrofitted with FRP composites using neuro fuzzy and neural network approaches.” Composites Part B: Engineering, 70, 247-255.10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.11.023 ↗
30. 30) Mashrei, M. A., Seracino, R. and Rahman, M. S., (2013). “Application of artificial neural networks to predict the bond strength of FRP-to-concrete joints.” Construction and Building Materials, 40, 812-821.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.109 ↗
31. 31) Mazzotti, C., Savoia, M. and Ferracuti, B., (2008). “An experimental study on delamination of FRP plates bonded to concrete.” Construction and Building Materials, 22(7), 1409-1421.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.04.009 ↗
32. 32) Nakaba, K., Kanakubo, T., Furuta, T. and Yoshizawa, H., (2001). “Bond behavior between fiber-reinforced polymer laminates and concrete.” ACI Structural Journal, 98(3), 359-367.
33. 33) Neubauer, U. and Rostàsy, F. S., (1997). “Design aspects of concrete structures strengthened with externally bonded CFRP plates.” Proceedings of seventh international conference on structural faults and repairs, Edinburgh, ECS Publications, 1, 109-118.
34. 34) Ren, H. T., (2003). “Study on basic theories and longtime behavior of concrete structures strengthened by fiber reinforced polymers.” Thesis (PhD). Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China.
35. 35) Sharma, S. K., Mohamed, A. M. S., Goldar, D. and Sikdar, P. K., (2006). “Plate-concrete interfacial bond strength of FRP and metallic plated concrete specimens.” Composites Part B: Engineering, 37(1), 54-63.10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.05.011 ↗
36. 36) Smith, G. N., (1986). “Probability and statistics in civil engineering.” Collins, London.
37. 37) Täljsten, B., (1997). “Defining anchor lengths of steel and CFRP plates bonded to concrete.” International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 17(4), 319-327.10.1016/S0143-7496(97)00018-3 ↗
38. 38) Tan, Z., (2002). “Experimental research for RC beam strengthened with GFRP.” Thesis (MS). Tsinghua University, Beijing.
39. 39) Tanaka, T., (1996). “Shear resisting mechanism of reinforced concrete beams with CFS as shear reinforcement.” Thesis (PhD). Hokkaido University.
40. 40) Teng, J. G., Chen, J. F., Smith, S. T. and Lam, L., (2003). “Behaviour and strength of FRP-strengthened RC structures: a state-of-the-art review.” Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings, 156(1), 51-62.10.1680/stbu.2003.156.1.51 ↗
41. 41) Toutanji, H., Saxena, P., Zhao, L., and Ooi, T., (2007). “Prediction of interfacial bond failure of FRP-concrete surface.” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 11(4), 427-436.10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:4(427) ↗
42. 42) Tropsha, A., Gramatica, P. and Gombar, V. K., (2003). “The importance of being earnest: validation is the absolute essential for successful application and interpretation of QSPR models.” QSAR Comb. Sci., 22(1), 69-77.10.1002/qsar.200390007 ↗
43. 43) Ueda, T., Sato, Y. and Asano, Y., (1999). “Experimental study on bond strength of continuous carbon fiber sheet.” In: Proceedings of 4th international symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures SP-188, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 407-416.
44. 44) Ueno, S., Toutanji, H. and Vuddandam, R., (2014). “Introduction of a stress state criterion to predict bond strength between FRP and concrete substrate.” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 19(1).
45. 45) van Gemert, D., (1980). “Force transfer in epoxy-bonded steel-concrete joints.” International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 1, 67-72.10.1016/0143-7496(80)90060-3 ↗
46. 46) Woo, S. K. and Lee, Y., (2010). “Experimental study on interfacial behavior of CFRP-bonded concrete.” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 14(3), 385-393.10.1007/s12205-010-0385-0 ↗
47. 47) Wu, Z., Yuan, H., Yoshizawa, H. and Kanakubo, T., (2001). “Experimental/ analytical study on interfacial fracture energy and fracture propagation along FRP-concrete interface.” ACI International SP-201-8, 201, 133-152.
48. 48) Wu, Z. S., Yuan, H. and Niu, H. D., (2002). “Stress transfer and fracture propagation in different kinds of adhesive joints.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 128(5), 562-573.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:5(562) ↗
49. 49) Yang, Y. X., Yue, Q. R. and Hu, Y. C., (2001). “Experimental study on bond performance between carbon fibre sheets and concrete.” Journal of Building Structures, Chinese, 22(3), 36-42.
50. 50) Yao, J., Teng, J. G. and Chen, J. F., (2005). “Experimental study on FRP-to concrete bonded joints.” Composites Part B: Engineering, 36(2), 99-113.10.1016/j.compositesb.2004.06.001 ↗
51. 51) Yoshizawa, H. and Wu, Z., (1997). “Analysis of debonding fracture properties of CFS strengthened member subject to tension.” Proceedings of 3rd international symposium on non-metallic (FRP) reinforcement for concrete structures, 1, 284-294.
52. 52) Yuan, H., Teng, J. G., Seracino, R., Wu, Z. S. and Yao, J., (2004). “Full-range behavior of FRP-to concrete bonded joints.” Engineering Structures, 26(5), 553-565.10.1016/j.engstruct.2003.11.006 ↗
53. 53) Yuan, H., Lu, X., Hui, D. and Feo, L., (2012). “Studies on FRP-concrete interface with hardening and softening bond-slip law.” Composite Structures, 94(12), 3781-3792.10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.06.009 ↗
54. 54) Yun, Y C., Wu, Y. F. and Tang, W. C., (2008). “Performance of FRP bonding systems under fatigue loading.” Engineering Structures, 30(11), 3129-3140.10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.04.026 ↗
55. 55) Zhao, H. D., Zhang, Y. and Zhao, M., (2000). “Research on the bond performance between CFRP plate and concrete.” In: Proceedings of 1st Conference on FRP Concrete Structures of China, 247-253.