journal article·2021-10-29Open access

Modelling Concrete Degradation by Coupled Non-linear Processes

Chie Oda, Daisuke Kawama, Hiroyukiu Shimizu, Steven J. Benbow, Fumio Hirano, Yusuke Takayama, Hiroyasu Takase, Morihiro Mihara, Akira Honda

Abstract

Concrete in a transuranic (TRU) waste repository is considered a suitable material to ensure safety, provide structural integrity and retard radionuclide migration after the waste containers fail. Modelling of concrete degradation often focuses solely on solid-water chemical reactions and related changes in porosity, however, cracking and damage from steel corrosion will likely exert significant control over the mass-transport properties of concrete. In the current study, coupling between chemical, mass-transport and mechanical, so-called non-linear processes that control concrete degradation and crack development were investigated by coupled numerical models. Application of such coupled numerical models allows identification of the dominant non-linear processes that will control long-term concrete degradation and crack development in a TRU waste repository.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Nuclear Materials and Properties · Rock Mechanics and Modeling

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 4-33 Muramatsu, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1194, Japan.

QJ Science Limited, Yokohama Portside Building 3F, 8-1 Sakae-cho, Yokohama Kanagawa-ku, Kanagawa 221-0052, Japan.

Kajima Corporation, 3-8 Motoakasaka 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-8477, Japan.

Quintessa Limited, Newtown Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, RG9 1HG, United Kingdom.

References (38)

Show source-provided references
1. 1) Archie, G. E., (1942). “The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics.” Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, 146(1), 54-62.10.2118/942054-G ↗
2. 2) Babaahmadi, L., Tang, L., Abbas, Z. and Martensson, P., (2015). “Physical and mechanical properties of cementitious specimens exposed to an electrochemically derived accelerated leaching of calcium.” International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 9(3), 295-306.10.1007/s40069-015-0108-5 ↗
3. 3) Benbow, S. J., Kawama, D., Takase, H., Shimizu, H., Oda, C., Hirano, F., Takayama, Y., Mihara, M. and Honda, A., (2020). “A coupled modeling simulator for near-field processes in cement engineered barrier systems for radioactive waste disposal.” Crystals, 10(9), 767.10.3390/cryst10090767 ↗
4. 4) Brantley, S. L., Kubicki, J. D. and White, A. F., (2008). “Kinetics of water-rock interaction.” New York: Springer Science & Business Media, LLC.10.1007/978-0-387-73563-4 ↗
5. 5) Brunet, J.-P. L., Li, L., Karpyn, Z. T. and Huerta, N. J., (2016). “Fracture opening or self-sealing: Critical residence time as a unifying parameter for cement-CO2-brine interactions.” International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 47, 25-37.10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.01.024 ↗
6. 6) Cao, P., Karpyn, Z. T. and Li, L., (2015). “Self-healing of cement fractures under dynamic flow of CO2-rich brine.” Water Resources Research, 51, 4684-4701.10.1002/2014WR016162 ↗
7. 7) Carman, P. C., (1956). “Flow of gases through porous media.” London: Butterworths Scientific Publications.
8. 8) Ferraris, C. F., Clifton, J. R., Stutzman, P. E. and Garboczi, E. J., (1997). “Mechanisms of degradation of Portland cement-based systems by sulfate attack.” In: K. L. Scrivener and J. F. Young, Eds. Mechanisms of Chemical Degradation of Cement-based Systems. London: E & FN Spon, 185-192.
9. 9) Guppy, R. M., (1998). “Autogenous healing of cracks in concrete and its relevance to radwaste repositories (Report No. NSS/R105).” Oxon, UK: Nirex Ltd.
10. 10) Hayek, M., Kosakowski, G. and Churakov, S., (2011). “Exact analytical solutions for a diffusion problem coupled with a precipitation-dissolution reaction and feedback of porosity change.” Water Resources Research, 47(7), 1-13.10.1029/2010WR010321 ↗
11. 11) Helgeson, H. C., (1969). “Thermodynamics of hydrothermal systems at elevated temperatures and pressures.” American Journal of Science, 267(7), 729-804.10.2475/ajs.267.7.729 ↗
12. 12) Hirano, F., Otani, Y., Kyokawa, H., Mihara, M., Shimizu, N. and Honda A., (2016). “Crack formation in cementitious materials used for engineering barrier system and their impact on hydraulic conductivity from the viewpoint of performance assessment of a TRU waste disposal system.” Transactions of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan, 15(2), 97-114. (in Japanese)10.3327/taesj.J15.015 ↗
13. 13) Höglund, L. O., (2014). “The impact of concrete degradation on the BMA barrier functions (Report No. SKB R-13-40).” Stockholm, Sweden: Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB.
14. 14) JAEA, (2013). “The project for advanced assessment technology development for impact of cement on geological disposal system for long-lived radioactive waste (Financial Year 2012 Report).” Tokyo: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. (in Japanese)
15. 15) JAEA, (2017). “The project for validating assessment methodology in geological disposal system (Financial Year 2016 Report).” Tokyo: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. (in Japanese)
16. 16) JAEA, (2018). “The project for validating assessment methodology in geological disposal system (Summary Reports for Financial Years 2013 to 2017).” Tokyo: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. (in Japanese)
17. 17) JAEA and FEPC, (2007). “Second progress report on research and development for TRU waste disposal in Japan (JAEA-Review 2007-010 / FEPC TRU-TR2-2007-01).” Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan: Japan Atomic Energy Agency / Tokyo: The Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan.
18. 18) Kosakowski, G. and Berner, U., (2013). “The evolution of clay rock/cement interfaces in a cementitious repository for low- and intermediate level radioactive wastes.” Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 64, 65-86.10.1016/j.pce.2013.01.003 ↗
19. 19) Kozeny, J., (1927). “Über kapillare Leitung des Wassers im Boden (Aufstieg, Versickerung und Anwendung auf die Bewässerung).” In: Session Reports of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Vienna: Imperial Academy of Sciences, 136, 271-306. (in German)
20. 20) Kurumisawa, K., Haga, K., Shibata, M. and Hayashi, D., (2021). “Effect of calcium leaching on diffusivity of blended cement paste and mortar.” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 19(5), 426-432.10.3151/jact.19.426 ↗
21. 21) Marty, N. C. M., Tournassat, C., Burnol, A., Giffaut, E. and Gaucher, E. C., (2009). “Influence of reaction kinetics and mesh refinement on the numerical modelling of concrete/clay interactions.” Journal of Hydrology, 364, 58-72.10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.10.013 ↗
22. 22) Metcalfe, R., Benbow, S., Wilson, J. C. and Savage, D., (2017). “Review of geochemical aspects of SR-PSU – Main review phase.” In: SSM’s External Experts’ Review of SKB’s Safety Assessment SR-PSU - Hydrogeology, Geochemistry and Bentonite (Report No. 2017:28). Stockholm: Swedish Radiation Safety Authority.
23. 23) Mihara, M., Hirano, F., Takayama, Y., Kyokawa, H. and Ohno, S., (2017). “Long-term mechanical analysis code considering chemical alteration for a TRU waste geological repository.” Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Environment, 24(1), 15-25. (in Japanese)10.3327/jnuce.24.1_15 ↗
24. 24) Mon, J., Samper, L., Montenegro, A. and Naves, J. F., (2017). “Long-term isothermal reactive transport model of compacted bentonite, concrete and corrosion products in a HLW repository in clay.” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 197, 1-16.10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.12.006 ↗
25. 25) Nakarai, K., Shibata, M., Sakamoto, H., Owada, H. and Kosakowski, G., (2021). “Calcite precipitation at cement-bentonite interface. Part 1: Effect of carbonate admixture in bentonite.” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 19(5), 433-446.10.3151/jact.19.433 ↗
26. 26) NUMO, (2019). “NUMO safety case report – Development of pre-siting SDM-based safety case – Draft for external review (NUMO-TR-18-02).” Tokyo: Nuclear Waste Management Organization of Japan, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
27. 27) Ohno, S., Iizuka, A. and Ohta, H., (2006). “Two categories of new constitutive model derived from non-linear description of soil contractancy.” Journal of Applied Mechanics, 9, 407-414. (in Japanese)10.2208/journalam.9.407 ↗
28. 28) Ohno, S., Morikawa, S. and Mihara, M., (2009). “The rock creep evaluation in the analysis system for the long-term behavior of TRU waste disposal system.” In: Proc. ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management, Liverpool, UK 11-15 October 2009. New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 1, 291-297.10.1115/ICEM2009-16110 ↗
29. 29) Okutsu, K., Morikawa, S., Hironaka, Y., Maeda, M., Shimbo, H., Kuroyanagi, M., Tabei, K., Sahara, F., Murakami, T. and Aoyama, Y., (2005). “Study of the system developement for evaluating long-term alteration of hydraulic field in near field, Part IV: Summary (JNC TJ8400 2005-013).” Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan: Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute. (in Japanese)
30. 30) Palandri, J. L. and Kharaka, Y. K., (2004). “A compilation of rate parameters of water-mineral interaction kinetics for application to geochemical modelling.” Denver, Colorado, USA: United States Geological Survey.10.3133/ofr20041068 ↗
31. 31) Pfingsten, W., (2001). “Indications for self-sealing of a cementitious L&ILW repository (PSI Bericht No. 01-09).” Villigen, Switzerland: Paul Scherrer Institut.
32. 32) Sarott, F.-A., Bradbury, M. H., Pandolfo, P. and Spieler, P., (1992). “Diffusion and adsorption studies on hardened cement paste and the effect of carbonation on diffusion rates.” Cement and Concrete Research, 22(2-3), 439-444.10.1016/0008-8846(92)90086-B ↗
33. 33) Sasamoto, H., Yui, M. and Arthur, R. C., (1999). “Hydrochemical investigation and status of geochemical modeling of groundwater evolution at the Kamaishi in-situ test sites (JNC 8400 99-033).” Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan: Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute. (in Japanese)
34. 34) Shimizu, H., Murata, S. and Ishida, T., (2011). “The distinct element analysis for hydraulic fracturing in hard rock considering fluid viscosity and particle size distribution.” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 48(5), 712-727.10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.04.013 ↗
35. 35) Shimizu, H., Ito, T., Tamagawa, T. and Tezuka, K., (2018). “A study of the effect of brittleness on hydraulic fracture complexity using a flow-coupled discrete element method.” Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 160, 372-383.10.1016/j.petrol.2017.10.064 ↗
36. 36) Steefel, C. I. and Lichtner, P. C., (1998). “Multicomponent reactive transport in discrete fractures I: Controls on reaction front geometry.” Journal of Hydrology, 209(1-4), 186-199.10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00146-2 ↗
37. 37) Trotignon, L., Devallois, V., Peycelon, H., Tiffreau, C. and Bourbon, X., (2007). “Predicting the long term durability of concrete engineered barriers in a geological repository for radioactive waste.” Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 32(1-7), 259-274.10.1016/j.pce.2006.02.049 ↗
38. 38) Yui, M., Sasamoto, H. and Arthur, R. C., (1999). “Groundwater evolution modeling for the second performance assessment (PA) (JNC TN8400 99-0030).” Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan: Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute. (in Japanese)