Nanofibre composite PCL/HA coating by spray method on metallic implant materials for medical applications: a study on the different spraying distances and pressures

Surface modifications and implant coatings are implemented to control the contact between an implant material and a corrosive medium, which can delay the onset of damage and improve the implant performance, such as osseointegration acceleration. There are several limitations associated with surface modification, including low porosity, slow fibre production rate, high production cost, and complexity in the production process. Therefore, this study concentrated on modifying the surface of metal implant materials using a spray method to overcome those limitations and to obtain the porous nanofibre morphology with high coating adhesion property. A spray method was used to form a nanofibre polycaprolactone (PCL) /hydroxyapatite (HA) composite coating. The composite solution was sprayed onto the substrate surface with variations in air pressure of 350 and 450 kPa, with a distance between the nozzle and the substrate from 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, to 35 cm.