journal article·2006-07

Contradictions and new aspects of the bubble model of doped tungsten wires

I. Gaal, P. Schade, P. Harmat, O. Horacsek, L. Bartha

Publisher page

Abstract

The interpretation of a series of small angle neutron scattering studies on lamp grade tungsten rods and wires is in contradiction with an extended body of the results that were obtained by fractographic methods and thin foils studies by means of scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In order to facilitate the re-interpretation of the scattering studies, the state of agglomeration of potassium in the dope phase has to be clarified, due to the peculiar scattering properties of the two-phase inclusions. These efforts yielded to the following results: (1) There are independent pieces of experimental evidence that the dope inclusion are filled with liquid potassium in heavily drawn lamp grade tungsten wires and rods in various stages of the processing. (2) A slight volume compression of liquid inclusion upon wire drawing is compatible with the scaling laws of the Taylor model in a good approximation, because the expected deviations are less than the accuracy of the required measurements. (3) The size increase of the inclusion cannot be explained as the expansion of individual bubbles that do not interact with each other. One has to take into account also various sorts Ostwald type ripening processes.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

References (49)

Show source-provided references
1. Bewlay · Int J Refract Met Hard Mater · 1995 · 14 · 13710.1016/0263-4368(94)00030-1 ↗
2. Yamazaki · High Temp High Pressures · 1978 · 10 · 329
3. Pugh · Metall Trans · 1990 · 21A · 2203
4. Tanaoue · Scripta Metall Mater · 1995 · 33 · 146910.1016/0956-716X(95)00382-6 ↗
5. Tanaou · Jpn Inst Metals · 1994 · 58 · 110310.2320/jinstmet1952.58.10_1103 ↗
6. Fujii · Nippon Tungsten Rev · 2002 · 34 · 31
7. Vukcevich · 1992
8. Briant · Acta Metall · 1988 · 36 · 250310.1016/0001-6160(88)90196-4 ↗
9. Zilberstein G. Kneringer, et al, editors. In: Proceedings of the 14th international plansee seminar, vol. 4. Plansee AG, Reutte 1997. p. 100–10.
10. Dawson · Metal Trans · 1972 · 3 · 310310.1007/BF02661320 ↗
11. Horacsek · Int J Refract Met Hard Mater · 1998 · 16 · 5110.1016/S0263-4368(98)00010-9 ↗
12. Schade · Int J Refract Met Hard Mater · 1998 · 16 · 7710.1016/S0263-4368(98)00015-8 ↗
13. Schade · Int J Refract Met Hard Mater · 2002 · 20 · 30110.1016/S0263-4368(02)00061-6 ↗
14. Moon · Metall Trans · 1971 · 2 · 211510.1007/BF02917539 ↗
15. Briant · Metall Trans · 1993 · 24A · 84310.1007/BF02656505 ↗
16. Denissen CJM, Liebe J, Van Rijswick M. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater, this volume, doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.10.012.10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.10.012 ↗
17. Harmat · Int J Refract Met Hard Mater · 2002 · 20 · 29510.1016/S0263-4368(02)00027-6 ↗
18. Len · J Appl Cryst · 2003 · 36 · 62110.1107/S0021889803003972 ↗
19. Len · Appl Phys A · 2002 · 74 · S141810.1007/s003390201702 ↗
20. Hensel · J de Phys IV · 1991 · C5/ · C1
21. Briant CL. Bildstein H, Eck R, editors. In: 13th International plansee seminar, vol. 1. Plansee Metall AG Reutte, 1993. p. 321–35.
22. Browning PF, Briant CL, Knudsen BA. Bildstein H, Eck R, editors. In: 13th International plansee seminar, vol. 1. Plansee Metall AG Reutte, 1993. p. 336–51.
23. Milman YuV, Zakharowa NP, Ivanshenko RK, Freeze NI. In: Kneringer et al, editors. 14th International plansee seminar, vol. 1. Plansee AG Reutte, 1997. p. 128–47.
24. Briant · Metall Trans · 1993 · 24A · 107310.1007/BF02657238 ↗
25. Hensel · Physica · 1986 · 139&140B · 90
26. Shpilrayn · Teplofizika Bisokiy Temperatur · 1976 · 14 · 511
27. Pfeifer · Ber Bunsen-Gesselschaft Phys Chem · 1979 · 83 · 20410.1002/bbpc.19790830305 ↗
28. Freyland · Berichte der Bunsen-Gesellchaft · 1972 · 76 · 1610.1002/bbpc.19720760106 ↗
29. Nagy · Int J Refract Met Hard Mater · 1998 · 16 · 4510.1016/S0263-4368(98)00011-0 ↗
30. Wronski · J. Less-Common Metals · 1965 · 8 · 14910.1016/0022-5088(65)90042-1 ↗
31. Snow · Metall Trans · 1974 · 5 · 237510.1007/BF02644019 ↗
32. Menyhard · Surf Interface Anal · 1979 · 1 · 17510.1002/sia.740010602 ↗
33. Kele · Acta Phys Hung · 1980 · 49 · 12710.1007/BF03158726 ↗
34. Wright · Metall Trans · 1978 · 9A · 95510.1007/BF02649840 ↗
35. Scott · 1971 · vol. VIIIA · 1
36. Ghatee · Fluid Phase Equilib · 2003 · 214 · 19710.1016/S0378-3812(03)00352-2 ↗
37. Rah · J Phys Chem · 2003 · B107 · 438210.1021/jp0218847 ↗
38. Yamazaki · 1971 · 47
39. Needelman · Acta Mater · 2000 · 48 · 10510.1016/S1359-6454(99)00290-6 ↗
40. Boer · 1988
41. Parteder · Int J Refract Met Hard Mater · 2002 · 20 · 28710.1016/S0263-4368(02)00028-8 ↗
42. Parteder · Mater Sci Eng A · 1999 · 264 · 1710.1016/S0921-5093(98)01118-6 ↗
43. Segurado · Mater Sci Eng A · 2002 · 333 · 27010.1016/S0921-5093(01)01853-6 ↗
44. Gaal I. Scripta Mater, submitted for publication.
45. Schade · Plansee Berichte für Pulvermetallurgie · 1976 · 24 · 243
46. Gedgovd · Phys Met Metallog · 1980 · 50 · 185
47. Klueh · 1970 · 177
48. Sridhar · Acta Mater · 1997 · 45 · 271510.1016/S1359-6454(96)00413-2 ↗
49. Genin · Acta Metall Mater · 1993 · 41 · 354110.1016/0956-7151(93)90234-J ↗