journal article·2026-06-12Open access

A Rapid Design Method for Bidirectional Transmission Parallel-Axis External Line Gears

Yangzhi Chen, Maoxi Zheng, Weitao He, Siyuan He, Xiaoping Xiao

Applied Sciences· Volume 16· Issue 12

Abstract

To address the limited design flexibility in meshing equations, complex modeling processes, and a lack of systematic research on bidirectional transmission in traditional parallel-axis line gears, this paper proposes a rapid design method for bidirectional transmission parallel-axis external line gears (BTPELG). Firstly, a multi-coordinate system is established, and homogeneous transformation matrices are derived. Secondly, the meshing equation is extended with an angular parameter to obtain a widely applicable conjugate condition. Then, two pairs of conjugate contact curves and center guide curves are constructed, and the offset vector for a circular-arc tooth profile is derived. Subsequently, taking the equidistant cylindrical helix as the driving contact curve, a 3D solid model is built via the sweeping method. Finally, kinematic simulations and experiments on 3D-printed prototypes verify the transmission ratios under forward and reverse conditions. Results show stable bidirectional transmission with average ratios matching theory and small fluctuations, confirming the method’s feasibility and providing a reference for rapid design and engineering applications.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis · Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions · Iterative Learning Control Systems

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

Postdoctoral Program, Zhongshan MLTOR Numerical Control Technology Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528401, China

School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang 529500, China

School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China

Funding

Social Public Welfare and Basic Research Project of Zhongshan City · Guangdong Provincial Undergraduate University Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Engineering Construction Project · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Scientific research start-up funds of Guangdong Ocean University · Zhanjiang Science and Technology Plan Project

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