Research on Energy Transfer Mechanism and Floor Heave Control Technology of Pressure Relief by Floor Slotting in Deep Roadways

Aiming at the difficult problem of floor heave control in deep coal mine roadways, this paper took the 1224 transportation roadway of Shuguang Coal Mine in Shanxi as the engineering background and carried out the first underground industrial test of floor-slotting pressure relief technology by using special slotting equipment. The aim is to reveal the energy transfer law of the floor rock mass during slotting pressure relief and clarify its inherent connection with stress redistribution and floor heave deformation control. The research adopts a combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field tests to systematically explore the energy accumulation characteristics of the floor and the induced mechanism of floor heave. Results show that the maximum energy accumulated in the floor after roadway excavation reaches 6.0 × 105 J, which is the fundamental cause of floor heave. After optimizing the slotting parameters (depth 2.5 m, width 0.2 m), numerical simulation indicates that the surrounding rock stress concentration zone migrates to the deep part, the energy peak shifts down by 2.5 m, the floor plastic zone expands, and the range of the high-energy zone shrinks. Field test results show that the floor heave amount decreases from 30 cm to 20 cm, with a reduction rate of 33%. This study reveals the synergistic mechanism of “energy transfer–stress regulation–deformation control”, verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the slotting pressure relief technology in the floor heave control of deep, high-stress roadways, and provides a guarantee for the safe and efficient advancement of the working face.