The Effect of V-Shaped Surface Texture Distribution and Geometric Parameters on the Hydrodynamic Lubrication Performance of the Unidirectional Thrust Washer

This study addressed the issue of insufficient lubrication in the thrust washer of the planetary gear reducer during operation. Numerical simulations were performed under fixed operating conditions, combined with sequential optimization strategy, to systematically investigate the influence of V-shaped texture distribution and geometric parameters on lubrication characteristics during unidirectional rotation. The results revealed that, under the examined texture parameters, the oil film pressure increased significantly with increasing radial velocity from inner to outer radius and lubricant viscosity, with area density being the key parameter influencing load-carrying capacity. Moreover, selectively enhancing the texture density in the outer ring region effectively alleviated wear caused by stress concentration in that area. The optimal V-shaped texture parameters were determined as follows: a length ratio of 5, an angle of 30°, an area density of 24.52%, and a depth of 0.02 mm. The symmetry axis of the texture was oriented opposite to the fluid velocity, and the texture distribution exhibited radial densification. This study will inform the design of surface textures and enhance the lubrication performance of mechanical components in thrust washers and similar rotational operating conditions.