An Analytical Investigation of Multi-Transmitter Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles

Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT) systems require analytical models capable of capturing time-varying coupling and multi-transmitter interactions. However, most existing formulations address only static Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) or single-transmitter configurations, offering limited applicability to realistic DWPT scenarios. This paper addresses this gap by developing a comprehensive analytical framework for Series–Series (SS) compensated DWPT systems, supporting general n-transmitter/m-receiver architectures. The model is derived from coupled RLC circuit equations and expressed in normalized time- and frequency-domain forms, enabling analysis of resonance behavior, transient dynamics, and mutual-inductance variations during vehicle motion. To represent the continuous receiver motion, we establish a coupling-coefficient distribution covering the operating range of k=0.11 to k=0.581. The framework is then applied to three representative cases: a dynamic 1×1 baseline, sequential transmitter activation, and simultaneous multi-transmitter activation. The study investigates system performance across varying operating frequencies and receiver positions to evaluate efficiency characteristics for 1×1, n×1, and n×m wireless power transfer configurations. The proposed analytical framework provides a scalable basis for control development, transmitter coordination, and future real-time DWPT implementation.