Implementation and Performance Assessment of a DFIG-Based Wind Turbine Emulator Using TSR-Driven MPPT for Enhanced Power Extraction

This study presents the development and experimental validation of a novel wind turbine emulator (WTE) based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The proposed architecture employs an induction motor (IM) driven by a variable frequency drive (VFD) to emulate wind turbine dynamics, offering a cost-effective and low-maintenance alternative to traditional DC motor-based systems. The contribution of this work lies, therefore, not in the hardware topology itself, but in the complete real-time software implementation of the control system using C language and RTLib, which enables higher sampling rates, faster PWM updates, and improved execution reliability compared with standard Simulink/RTI approaches. The proposed control structure integrates tip–speed ratio (TSR)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with flux-oriented vector control of the DFIG, fully coded in C to provide optimized real-time performance. Experimental results confirm the emulator’s ability to accurately replicate real wind turbine behavior under varying wind conditions. The test bench demonstrates fast dynamic response, with rotor currents settling in 11–18 ms, and active/reactive powers stabilizing within 25–30 ms. Overshoots remain below 10%, and steady-state errors are limited to ±1 A for currents and ±100 W/±50 VAR for powers, ensuring precise power regulation. The speed tracking error is approximately 0.61 rad/s, validating the system’s ability to follow dynamic references with high accuracy. Additionally, effective decoupling between active and reactive loops is achieved, with minimal cross-coupling during step changes.