journal article·2025-11-28Open access

Vehicle–Road–Cloud Collaborative Perception: Resource and Intelligence Optimization

Liang Xin, Guangtao Zhou, Zhaoyang Yu, Hong Zhu, Xiaolong Feng, Quan Yuan, Jinglin Li

Applied Sciences· Volume 15· Issue 23

Abstract

Vehicle–road–cloud collaborative perception improves perception performance via multi-agent information sharing and data fusion, but it faces coupled trade-offs among perception accuracy, computing resources, and communication bandwidth. Optimizing agents’ intelligence or underlaying resources alone fails to resolve this conflict, limiting collaboration efficiency. We propose C4I-JO, a joint resource and intelligence optimization method for vehicle–road–cloud collaborative perception. We employ slimmable networks to achieve intelligent elasticity. Based on these, C4I-JO jointly optimizes four key dimensions to minimize resource consumption while meeting accuracy and latency constraints, including collaborative mechanisms to cut redundant communication, resource allocation to avoid supply–demand bottlenecks, intelligent elasticity to balance accuracy and resources, and computation offloading to reduce local burden. We propose a two-layer iterative decoupling algorithm that addresses the optimization problem. Specifically, the outer level leverages Second-Order Cone Programming (SOCP) and the interior-point method, while the inner level utilizes a Genetic Algorithm (GA). Simulations show that C4I-JO outperforms baselines in both resource efficiency and perception quality.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Neural Network Applications · Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) · Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

China Unicom Smart Connection Technology Limited, Beijing 101599, China

State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China

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