Real-Time Detection of Rear Car Signals for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems Using Meta-Learning and Geometric Post-Processing

Accurate identification of rear light signals in preceding vehicles is pivotal for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), enabling early detection of driver intentions and thereby improving road safety. In this work, we present a novel approach that leverages a meta-learning-enhanced YOLOv8 model to detect left and right turn indicators, as well as brake signals. Traditional radar and LiDAR provide robust geometry, range, and motion cues that can indirectly suggest driver intent (e.g., deceleration or lane drift). However, they do not directly interpret color-coded rear signals, which limits early intent recognition from the taillights. We therefore focus on a camera-based approach that complements ranging sensors by decoding color and spatial patterns in rear lights. This approach to detecting vehicle signals poses additional challenges due to factors such as high reflectivity and the subtle visual differences between directional indicators. We address these by training a YOLOv8 model with a meta-learning strategy, thus enhancing its capability to learn from minimal data and rapidly adapt to new scenarios. Furthermore, we developed a post-processing layer that classifies signals by the geometric properties of detected objects, employing mathematical principles such as distance, area calculation, and Intersection over Union (IoU) metrics. Our approach increases adaptability and performance compared to traditional deep learning techniques, supporting the conclusion that integrating meta-learning into real-time object detection frameworks provides a scalable and robust solution for intelligent vehicle perception, significantly enhancing situational awareness and road safety through reliable prediction of vehicular behavior.