Design and In Vivo Measurement of Miniaturized High-Efficient Implantable Antennas for Leadless Cardiac Pacemaker
Source abstract
Abstract
Deeply implanted biomedical devices like leadless pacemakers require an antenna with minimal volume and high radiation efficiency to ensure reliable in-body communication and long operational time within the human body. This paper introduces a novel implantable antenna designed to significantly reduce the spatial requirements within an implantable capsule while maintaining high radiation efficiency in lossy media like heart tissue. The design principles of the proposed antenna are outlined, followed by antenna parameters and an equivalent circuit study that demonstrates how to fine-tune the antenna’s resonant frequency. The radiation characteristics of the antenna are thoroughly investigated, revealing a radiation efficiency of up to 28% at the Medical Implant Communication System (MICS) band and 56% at the 2.4 GHz ISM band. The transmission efficiency between two deeply implanted antennas within heart tissue has been improved by more than 15 dB compared to the current state of the art. The radiation and transmission performance of the proposed antennas has been validated through comprehensive simulations using anatomical human body models, phantom measurements, and in vivo animal experiments, confirming their superior radiation performance.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Wireless Body Area Networks · Wireless Power Transfer Systems · Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China
Barkhausen Institut, 01067 Dresden, Germany
The Institute of Electrical Information Technology, TU Clausthal, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
Funding
Beijing Natural Science Foundation · European Union framework of the Marie Curie Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program
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