Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities of Biscutella laevigata: A Comparative Study of Leaves, Seeds, and Microshoot Cultures
Source abstract
Abstract
Biscutella laevigata (Brassicaceae) is an endemic species confined to European mountain regions, with a distribution range extending from the Iberian Peninsula through the Carpathians to the Balkans. The objective of this study was to investigate the phytochemical composition and biological properties of extracts obtained from leaves, seeds, and in vitro-derived microshoot cultures. UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS profiling of glucosinolates (GSLs) revealed six compounds exclusively present in seed extracts, with glucohirsutin identified as the predominant constituent (15.06 mg/100 g DW). No glucosinolates were detected in either leaf or microshoot extracts. Notably, 8-(methylsulfonyl)octyl GSL was reported in B. laevigata for the first time. The seed extract exhibited the highest total polyphenol content (TPC, 25,701.00 mg GAE/100 g DW), while leaf and microshoot extracts contained similar amounts (16,244.00 and 16,552.00 mg GAE/100 g DW, respectively). Among phenolic compounds, rutin was the most abundant, reaching up to 1609.21 mg/100 g DW in leaf extracts. Antioxidant capacity, assessed by ABTS and DPPH assays, was strongest in the seed extract (90.56% and 69.24% inhibition, respectively). The same extract demonstrated the greatest anti-elastase activity (12.68%), whereas the microshoot extract displayed a considerable Fe2+-chelating ability (12.48%). All tested extracts showed antimicrobial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Cutibacterium acnes, and the fungus Candida albicans.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity · Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19a, 25-516 Kielce, Poland
Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19a, 25-516 Kielce, Poland
Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
Department of Medicinal Plant and Mushroom Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
Funding
Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce
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