journal article·2025-08-26Open access

Improved Static and Dynamic Behavior of Auxetic Structures with Radial Limb Design

Serdar Sayın, Zeki Kıral

Applied Sciences· Volume 15· Issue 17

Abstract

Auxetic structures, also known as metamaterials, exhibit a negative Poisson’s ratio under applied load and have found use across a variety of applications. This behavior may arise from material properties or from the structural design itself. Depending on the intended application, such structures can be subjected to either static or dynamic loading conditions. New geometries that potentially enhance energy absorption or damping in both static and dynamic conditions were investigated in this work, using the well-known Reentrant design reported in earlier research articles as a benchmark. As an alternative to the cellular limb angles employed in the well-known Reentrant model, the effect of radial limb radius was analyzed in the novel cell designs called Arched-Reentrant. Four alternative designs have been proposed, and all analyses were conducted in ANSYS-2025-R1. The specimens were manufactured by using the 3D printing method with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material having a shore hardness of 95A. In the evaluation of the outcomes resulting from different designs, the specimens were analyzed under static, impulsive, and harmonic loading conditions. The energy absorption capacities of the samples were examined in relation to their design modifications. Within the scope of the study, it was observed that Arched-Reentrant structures are capable of absorbing higher amounts of energy under static loading and exhibit greater stiffness under dynamic loads compared to conventional Reentrant structures. The impulse analysis’s findings demonstrate that the suggested Arched-Reentrant-V3 model performs better, with over 50% less displacement and comparable reaction forces. In addition, the harmonic analysis findings show that the Arched-Reentrant-V3 model has lower ground reaction forces and displacement values. As a result, the suggested model can be regarded as an efficient damping component when dynamic loading occurs.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Cellular and Composite Structures · Advanced Materials and Mechanics · Structural Analysis and Optimization

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, 35390 İzmir, Turkey

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, 35390 İzmir, Turkey

References (30)

Show source-provided references
1. Energy absorption enhancement of additively manufactured hexagonal and re-entrant (auxetic) lattice structures by using multi-material reinforcements
2. Adjustment of multi-directional elastic properties of chiral metamaterial via a 3D printing-based soft-hard bi-material strategy10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.116646 ↗
3. Experimental and numerical investigation of in-plane and out-of-plane impact behaviour of auxetic honeycomb boxes produced by material extrusion
4. Raeisi, S., Tapkir, P., Ansari, F., and Tovar, A. (2019). Design of a Hybrid Honeycomb Unit Cell with Enhanced In-Plane Mechanical Properties, SAE International.10.4271/2019-01-0710 ↗
5. Mechanical properties of sandwich composites with 3d-printed auxetic and non-auxetic lattice cores under low velocity impact10.1016/j.matdes.2018.11.002 ↗
6. New approach to study nonlinear dynamic response and vibration of sandwich composite cylindrical panels with auxetic honeycomb core layer10.1016/j.ast.2017.08.023 ↗
7. New approach to investigate nonlinear dynamic response of sandwich auxetic double curves shallow shells using TSDT10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.11.047 ↗
8. Blast mitigation using polymeric 3D printer auxetic re-entrant honeycomb structure: A preliminary study10.1177/20414196211052062 ↗
9. Revolutionary auxetic intravascular medical stents for angioplasty applications10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112393 ↗
10. 3D-printed auxetic-structured intervertebral disc implant for potential treatment of lumbar herniated disc
11. Guan, Y., Zhang, X., Cao, X., Yang, H., Wang, S., Cao, W., and He, C. (2025). Dual-material TPMS metamaterial with high load-bearing capacity and performance stability. Int. J. Mech. Sci., 303.10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110613 ↗
12. Advances in additive manufacturing of auxetic structures for biomedical applications10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.110045 ↗
13. Quai-static compression and three-point bending behavior of the dual-material gyroid material10.1016/j.tws.2025.113600 ↗
14. Design and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Auxetic Honeycomb Structure10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101173 ↗
15. The Ability of Airless Tires to Self-Purify10.1088/1755-1315/666/4/042012 ↗
16. Non-pneumatic tire designs suitable for fused filament fabrication: An overview10.1016/j.prostr.2022.12.140 ↗
17. Contact Pressure of Non-Pneumatic Tires with Auxetic Honeycomb Spoke
18. Kelkar, P.U., Kim, H.S., Cho, K.H., Kwak, J.Y., Kang, C.Y., and Song, H.C. (2020). Cellular Auxetic Structures for Mechanical Metamaterials: A Review. Sensors, 20.10.3390/s20113132 ↗
19. Design and energy absorption characteristics of a novel honeycomb with embedded chiral structures10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.117944 ↗
20. Crashworthiness analysis of double-arrowed auxetic structure under axial impact loading10.1016/j.matdes.2018.11.013 ↗
21. A negative Poisson’s ratio suspension jounce bumper10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.041 ↗
22. Determination of Energy Absorption Capacity of Auxetic Hexagon Structure with Different Geometrical Parameters by Simulation and Experimentation
23. A new auxetic structure with significantly reduced stress concentration effects10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107779 ↗
24. Design and evaluation of threeedimensional axisymmetric mechanical metamaterial exhibiting negative Poisson’s ratio10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.05.131 ↗
25. Disordered auxetic metamaterials architected by random peanut-shaped perturbations10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110291 ↗
26. Tendon-Driven Auxetic Tubular Springs for Resilient Hopping Robots10.1002/aisy.202100152 ↗
27. Xu, T., Shen, W., Lin, X., and Xie, Y.M. (2020). Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) Material Affected by Various Processing Parameters. Polymers, 12.10.3390/polym12123010 ↗
28. Haid, D.M., Duncan, O., Hart, J., and Foster, L. (2022, January 29–30). Characterisation of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) for additive manufacturing. Proceedings of the 14th Symposium of the Section Sport Informatics and Engineering of the German Society of Sport Science, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.
29. Tailor-made 3D printing TPU/PLA composites for damping and energy absorption10.1016/j.matdes.2025.113752 ↗
30. Chynybekova, K., and Choi, S.M. (2019). Flexible Patterns for Soft 3D Printed Fabrications. Symmetry, 11.10.3390/sym11111398 ↗