journal article·2025-08-25Open access

A Freight Train Optimized Scheduling Scheme Based on an Improved GJO Algorithm

Yufeng Yao, Zhepeng Yue, Yun Jing, Jinchuan Zhang

Applied Sciences· Volume 15· Issue 17

Abstract

With the advancement of China’s industrialization, demand for express freight transportation has been rising. However, high-speed rail freight faces challenges, such as relatively low transport efficiency and lower revenues, compared with air and road modes. To address these issues, this paper focuses on freight train operations. First, it analyzes key influencing factors, including operating costs and benefits. Next, it conducts a comprehensive assessment of train consist capacity, freight node capacity, transport demand, and the number of freight services, and formulates an operational planning model that maximizes rail revenue, minimizes intermediate stops, and satisfies freight demand. Finally, an Improved Golden Jackal Optimization–based Genetic Algorithm (IGJOGA) is proposed to solve the model. Simulation results indicate that IGJOGA achieves higher solution efficiency than a traditional genetic algorithm for the freight train operation planning problem, and the results can provide a practical reference for freight train set operation schemes.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods · Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization · Maritime Ports and Logistics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Funding

Key Projects of National Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd.

References (26)

Show source-provided references
1. Resource planning optimization model and algorithm for multi-modal express shipment network
2. The energy use and environmental emissions of high-speed rail transportation in China: A bottom-up modeling10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.120 ↗
3. Yu, X., Zhou, L., Huo, M., and Yu, X. (2021). Research on High-Speed Railway Freight Train Organization Method considering Different Transportation Product Demands. Math. Probl. Eng., 2021.10.1155/2021/5520867 ↗
4. Optimization of operation scheme for express freight railway
5. Optimization in multimodal freight transportation problems: A survey10.1016/j.ejor.2021.07.031 ↗
6. Hosseini, S., and Al Khaled, A. (2021). Freight flow optimization to evaluate the criticality of intermodal surface transportation system infrastructures. Comput. Ind. Eng., 159.10.1016/j.cie.2021.107522 ↗
7. Smolyanivov, A., Yushkova, S., and Sirina, N. (2019). Transport infrastructure condition for organizing piggyback traffic. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., 403.10.1088/1755-1315/403/1/012200 ↗
8. A novel mixed integer programming model for freight train travel time estimation10.1016/j.ejor.2021.08.030 ↗
9. Pineda-Jaramillo, J., and Viti, F. (2023). Identifying the rail operating features associated to intermodal freight rail operation delays. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol., 147.10.1016/j.trc.2022.103993 ↗
10. Optimized train path selection method for daily freight train scheduling10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2976904 ↗
11. Efficient design of freight train operation with double-hump yards10.1057/s41274-017-0187-6 ↗
13. Genetic algorithms in the fields of artificial intelligence and data sciences10.1007/s40745-021-00354-9 ↗
14. Pehlivanoglu, Y.V., and Pehlivanoglu, P. (2021). An enhanced genetic algorithm for path planning of autonomous UAV in target coverage problems. Appl. Soft Comput., 112.10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107796 ↗
15. Zhu, Z., Liu, Y., He, Y., Wu, W., Wang, H., Huang, C., and Ye, B. (2022). Fuzzy PID control of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism based on genetic algorithm. Appl. Sci., 12.10.3390/app122111128 ↗
16. Optimizing the number of express freight trains on a high-speed railway corridor by the departure period10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2995176 ↗
17. Optimization of high-speed railway line planning with passenger and freight transport coordination10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3210578 ↗
18. Calculation method for carrying capacity of mixed passenger and freight railway based on improved rotor model
19. Is mass rapid transit applicable for deep integration of freight-passenger transport? A multi-perspective analysis from urban China10.1016/j.tra.2022.10.001 ↗
20. Milenković, M., Bojović, N., and Abramin, D. (2023). Railway freight wagon fleet size optimization: A real-world application. J. Rail Transp. Plan. Manag., 26.10.1016/j.jrtpm.2023.100373 ↗
21. A review on genetic algorithm: Past, present, and future10.1007/s11042-020-10139-6 ↗
22. Chopra, N., and Ansari, M.M. (2022). Golden jackal optimization: A novel nature-inspired optimizer for engineering applications. Expert Syst. Appl., 198.10.1016/j.eswa.2022.116924 ↗
23. Lou, T.s., Yue, Z.P., Jiao, Y.Z., and He, Z.D. (2024). A hybrid strategy-based gjo algorithm for robot path planning. Expert Syst. Appl., 238.10.1016/j.eswa.2023.121975 ↗
24. Sand Cat swarm optimization: A nature-inspired algorithm to solve global optimization problems10.1007/s00366-022-01604-x ↗
25. Yazdani, D., Branke, J., Omidvar, M.N., Li, X., Li, C., Mavrovouniotis, M., Nguyen, T.T., Yang, S., and Yao, X. (2021). IEEE CEC 2022 competition on dynamic optimization problems generated by generalized moving peaks benchmark. arXiv.
26. A practical tutorial on the use of non-parametric statistical tests as a methodology for comparing evolutionary and swarm intelligence algorithms10.1016/j.swevo.2011.02.002 ↗