Research on Performance Testing Methods for Electrical Equipment in High-Speed and Complex Environments: A Case Study on Roof Insulators of High-Speed Trains

This paper proposes a rotating test method to address the limitations of high costs and the inability to replicate high-speed multiphase environments in icing wind tunnels and artificial climate chambers. The method simulates high-speed multiphase in an enclosed space using relative motion and duct regulation at a lower cost. Using the FQJG2-30/16-400 type roof insulator, the Eulerian–Eulerian and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) method was employed to compare the proposed rotating method with traditional linear airflow tests in wind–sand erosion and high-speed icing experiments. Results show maximum differences of 3.23% in the collision rate and 4.34% in the icing mass, indicating good consistency. Validation experiments in an artificial climate chamber further confirmed the feasibility of the rotating test method, with icing mass differences within 5–8%. This study provides a cost-effective approach for high-speed testing in multiphase environments.