Minimization of Average Peak Age of Information for Timely Status Updates in Two-Hop IoT Networks
Source abstract
Abstract
Timely status updates are essential for Internet of Things (IoT) services. The freshness of these updates can be quantified using Age of Information (AoI). The worst-case behavior of AoI is evaluated by peak AoI (PAoI), denoting the maximum AoI just before each successful update. To characterize the time-averaged evolution of the PAoI over a long time horizon, we adopt the average PAoI as a performance metric. In this paper, we consider a two-hop status update system in IoT monitoring networks, where sensors periodically transmit short status packets to a remote edge server via a sink node. The sink node encodes status packets received from multiple sensors into a single longer packet to enhance the transmission reliability of short-packet communications. Here, we analyze the average PAoI in this setup as a function of system parameters and minimize this function by jointly optimizing three key parameters: (i) the number of status packets for joint coding at the sink node, (ii) the blocklength of a status packet in the first hop, and (iii) the blocklength of a coded packet in the second hop. Through numerical studies, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization in reducing the average PAoI.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Age of Information Optimization · Congenital Heart Disease Studies · Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
School of ICT Convergence, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
Funding
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
References (39)
Show source-provided references
1. Timely status update in Internet of Things monitoring systems: An age–energy tradeoff10.1109/JIOT.2019.2900528 ↗
2. Kaul, S., Gruteser, M., Rai, V., and Kenney, J. (2011, January 27–30). Minimizing age of information in vehicular networks. Proceedings of the IEEE SECON 2011, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.10.1109/SAHCN.2011.5984917 ↗
3. Kaul, S., Yates, R., and Gruteser, M. (2012, January 25–30). Real-time status: How often should one update?. Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM 2012, Orlando, FL, USA.10.1109/INFCOM.2012.6195689 ↗
4. On the age of information in status update systems with packet management10.1109/TIT.2016.2533395 ↗
5. Age of information with joint packet coding in industrial IoT10.1109/LWC.2021.3105304 ↗
6. Zhang, W., Jiang, M., and Zhao, C. (2022, January 19–22). Age of information with product coded IoT systems. Proceedings of the 2022 International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), Hangzhou, China.10.1109/ISWCS56560.2022.9940344 ↗
7. Tang, Z., Yang, N., Sadeghi, P., and Zhou, X. (2022, January 16–20). The age of information of short-packet communications: Joint or distributed encoding?. Proceedings of the IEEE ICC, Seoul, Republic of Korea.10.1109/ICC45855.2022.9838286 ↗
8. Zou, Z., Chan, T.-T., Pan, H., and Lok, T.-M. (2022, January 19–22). Age of information and energy harvesting tradeoff for joint packet coding in downlink IoT networks. Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Spring), Helsinki, Finland.10.1109/VTC2022-Spring54318.2022.9860720 ↗
9. Short block-length codes for ultra-reliable low latency communications10.1109/MCOM.2018.1800181 ↗
10. Channel coding rate in the finite blocklength regime10.1109/TIT.2010.2043769 ↗
11. Toward massive, ultrareliable, and low-latency wireless communication with short packets10.1109/JPROC.2016.2537298 ↗
12. Downlink transmission of short packets: Framing and control information revisited10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2666791 ↗
13. Wang, R., Gu, Y., Chen, H., Li, Y., and Vucetic, B. (2019, January 9–13). On the age of information of short-packet communications with packet management. Proceedings of the IEEE GLOBECOM, Waikoloa, HI, USA.10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014267 ↗
14. Information age-delay correlation and optimization with finite block length10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3102624 ↗
15. Minimizing age of information in slotted ALOHA with short-packet communications10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3514896 ↗
16. Average age of information in short packet based machine type communication10.1109/TVT.2020.3004828 ↗
17. Decode-and-forward short-packet relaying in the Internet of Things: Timely status updates10.1109/TWC.2021.3093163 ↗
18. Age of information for partial earliest relay aided short packet status update with energy harvesting10.1109/TWC.2023.3281736 ↗
19. Minimizing the age of information through queues10.1109/TIT.2019.2912159 ↗
20. On the age of information in multi-source queueing models10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2997414 ↗
21. Age of information in Internet of Things: A survey10.1109/JIOT.2023.3324879 ↗
22. A comprehensive survey on age of information in massive IoT networks10.1016/j.comcom.2022.10.018 ↗
23. Age of information with Hybrid-ARQ: A unified explicit result10.1109/TCOMM.2022.3217574 ↗
24. On AoI of grant-free access with HARQ10.1109/TCOMM.2023.3329256 ↗
25. Age of information in physical-layer network coding enabled two-way relay networks10.1109/TMC.2022.3166155 ↗
26. Impact of network coding on age of information in multi-source multi-hop IoT networks10.1109/JIOT.2024.3421510 ↗
27. Age of information and throughput in random access-based IoT systems with periodic updating10.1109/LWC.2022.3146261 ↗
28. An overview of periodic wireless sensor networks to the Internet of Things10.1088/1757-899X/928/3/032055 ↗
29. Estimating age of information in wireless systems with unknown distributions of inter-arrival/service time10.1109/TNSE.2024.3453959 ↗
30. Age of information: An introduction and survey10.1109/JSAC.2021.3065072 ↗
31. Burden, R.L., and Faires, J.D. (2011). Numerical Analysis, Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning. [9th ed.].
32. A unified α–η–κ–μ fading model based real-time localization on IoT edge devices10.1109/TNSE.2024.3478053 ↗
33. Blagojević, V., Kozić, N., Cvetković, A., and Ivaniš, P. (2025). Secrecy outage performance analysis of wirelessly powered IoT system with randomly moving receiving nodes. Sensors, 25.10.3390/s25051386 ↗
34. Han, C., Gu, Y., Li, Y., and Vucetic, B. (2019, January 9–13). Optimal blocklength allocation towards reduced age of information in wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of the IEEE GLOBECOM Workshops, Waikoloa, HI, USA.10.1109/GCWkshps45667.2019.9024516 ↗
35. On the data freshness for industrial Internet of Things with mobile-edge computing10.1109/JIOT.2022.3143250 ↗
36. Age of information analysis for finite blocklength regime in downlink cellular networks10.1109/LWC.2021.3139346 ↗
37. Finite block-length analysis of spectrum sharing networks using rate adaptation10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2449842 ↗
38. Cao, J., Zhu, X., Jiang, Y., and Wei, Z. (2021, January 10–13). Can AoI and delay be minimized simultaneously with short-packet transmission?. Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM Workshops, Vancouver, BC, Canada.10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484518 ↗
39. Age of information for short-packet covert communication10.1109/LWC.2021.3085025 ↗