Centralized Shared Energy Storage Optimization Framework for AC/DC Distribution Systems with Dual-Time-Scale Coordination

Conventional shared energy storage (SES) allocation and coordinated operation mechanism are mismatched with the actual time-varying demand of the distribution system, resulting in low utilization of energy storage and renewable energy sources (RES), which restricts the system operational efficiency and RES integration. To solve this issue, this paper proposes a centralized shared energy storage (CSES) optimization framework for AC/DC distribution systems with dual-time-scale coordination to address this issue. Firstly, optimal scheduling models for AC/DC distribution systems are formulated. Secondly, a novel CSES optimization framework is established where a large-scale CSES directly connects to multiple subnetworks. This framework maximizes RES utilization by coordinating CSES operation, leveraging complementary RES potential. Thirdly, based on dual-time-scale coordination, intraday stage adjustments are made based on the day-ahead scheduling to accommodate and coordinate with source–load changes. Day-ahead SOC trajectory is processed using linear interpolation to obtain intraday SOC trajectory, ensuring that the state of charge (SOC) constraints are satisfied. An alternating direction multiplication method (ADMM) algorithm is used to coordinate the intraday optimization. Finally, case studies on an AC/DC distribution system comprising three IEEE 33-node AC subnetworks show that the proposed strategy can increase the RES utilization rate to 99.31%, 88.10%, and 99.91%, and reduce the operational cost by 16.51%.