Post-Occupancy Evaluation in High-Rise Apartment Buildings in Vietnam
Source abstract
Abstract
As part of the CAMaRSEC research project, long-term indoor environmental measurements with accompanying occupant surveys were conducted over one year in 49 households in 15 high-rise residential apartment buildings in Hanoi, Vietnam. A comprehensive analysis of the collected data revealed differences in the indoor environment and energy consumption patterns during the operational phase of the buildings, as well as their correlation with diverse occupant behaviors. In addition, by comparing subjective thermal evaluations based on occupant surveys with predictions based on comfort models, the limitations of existing models in predicting the thermal sensations of local people were identified. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the apartment building design standard in Vietnam underestimates the thermal adaptation of occupants, which may lead to significant building performance gaps. Larger scale surveys and measurements are required to provide sufficient databases to refine local building design standards, especially for mixed-mode buildings.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Urban and spatial planning
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Institute for Building Energetics, Thermotechnology and Energy Storage (IGTE), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Department of Environmental Architecture, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Technische Hochschule Lübeck—Technical University of Applied Sciences Lübeck, Mönkhofer Weg 239, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
Funding
Federal Ministry of Education and Research
References (43)
Show source-provided references
1. Sustainable active cooling strategies in hot and humid climates—A review and a practical application in Somalia10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109338 ↗
2. Wang, Y., Schwede, D., and Stergiaropoulos, K. (2021, January 14–17). Survey of Indoor Environmental Conditions in Residential Buildings in Vietnam. Proceedings of the 15th Roomvent Virtual Conference, Turin, Italien.
3. Central Population and Housing Census Steering Committee (2025, April 04). Results—The Viet Nam Population and Housing Census of 00:00 Hours on 1 April 2019, Available online: https://vietnam.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Results%20-%202019%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census_full.pdf.
4. IEA (2018). The Future of Cooling, IEA. Available online: https://www.iea.org/reports/the-future-of-cooling.
5. The impacts of occupant behavior on building energy consumption: A review
6. Paone, A., and Bacher, J.-P. (2018). The Impact of Building Occupant Behavior on Energy Efficiency and Methods to Influence It: A Review of the State of the Art. Energies, 11.10.3390/en11040953 ↗
7. IEA EBC Annex 66: Definition and simulation of occupant behavior in buildings10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.09.084 ↗
8. Post-occupancy evaluation in residential buildings: A systematic literature review of current practices in the EU10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110307 ↗
9. Scientometric analysis of post-occupancy evaluation research: Development, frontiers and main themes10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112307 ↗
10. Analysis of indoor set-point temperature of split-type ACs on thermal comfort and energy savings for office buildings in hot-humid climates10.1016/j.enbenv.2022.02.006 ↗
11. Post occupancy evaluation of indoor environmental quality of sports buildings at hot and humid climate from the perspective of exercisers10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109760 ↗
12. Post-occupancy evaluation of indoor environmental quality in ten non-residential buildings in Chongqing, China10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101649 ↗
13. Energy-related values and satisfaction levels of residential and office building occupants10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.08.005 ↗
14. Indoor humidity of dwellings and association with building characteristics, behaviors and health in a northern climate10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107885 ↗
15. Long-term evaluation of residential summer thermal comfort: Measured vs. perceived thermal conditions in nZEB houses in Wallonia10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107531 ↗
16. Building energy certification versus user satisfaction with the indoor environment: Findings from a multi-site post-occupancy evaluation (POE) in Switzerland10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.01.001 ↗
17. Room-scale analysis of spatial and human factors affecting indoor environmental quality in Porto residential flats10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107376 ↗
18. Analysis on electricity use and indoor thermal environment for typical air-conditioning residential buildings in Malaysia10.1016/j.uclim.2021.100830 ↗
19. Study on occupant behaviour using air conditioning of high-rise residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone in China10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112498 ↗
20. Energy-consumption simulation of a distributed air-conditioning system integrated with occupant behavior10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113914 ↗
21. Development of a model for generating air-conditioner operation schedules in Malaysia10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.06.023 ↗
22. Usage behavior characteristics of household air-conditioners during the extremely hot summer—A case study of Chongqing10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110160 ↗
23. Reducing energy poverty: Characteristics of household electricity use in Vietnam10.1016/j.esd.2020.08.007 ↗
24. Influence of household factors on energy use in Vietnam based on path analysis10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104834 ↗
25. Dang, H.T. (2022, January 22–25). Thermal Comfort in Old Traditional Shophouses in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Proceedings of the 2022: CLIMA 2022 The 14th REHVA HVAC World Congress, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
26. An investigation on thermal performance of a low cost apartment in hot humid climate of Danang10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.11.047 ↗
27. Schwede, D., and Wang, Y. (2019). Introduction to Research Project: CAMaRSEC: Climate-adapted Material Research for the Socio-economic Context in Vietnam. Pac. Geogr., 52.
28. Wang, Y., Frey, F., Schwede, D., and Stergiaropoulos, K. (2022, January 22–25). Recognition and Analysis of Air-conditioner Operation Based on Basic IAQ-monitoring. Proceedings of the 2022: CLIMA 2022 The 14th REHVA HVAC World Congress, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
29. Wang, Y., Schwede, D., Pham, T.H.H., Nguyen, T.H., Pham, T.B., Nguyen, C.T., and Stergiaropoulos, K. (2023). 15-minute measurement datasets from 49 residential apartments in hot and humid climates for hygrothermal building simulation and occupant behavior studies. Mendeley Data.
30. (2023, June 21). TESTO. WiFi Data Logger Testo 160 IAQ, Available online: https://www.testo.com/en/testo-160-iaq/p/0572-2014.
31. Instruments, D. (2023, June 21). Wireless Vantage Pro2™ Plus ISS Weather Station with 24-Hr Fan-Aspirated Radiation ShieldMetric. Available online: https://www.davisinstruments.com/collections/vantage-pro2/products/wireless-vantage-pro2-plus-iss-with-24-hr-fan-aspirated-rad-shield?variant=39619858464929.
32. (2023, June 21). TESTO, Testo 400 IAQ and Comfort Kit with Tripod. Available online: https://www.testo.com/en/testo-400-iaq-and-comfort-kit-with-tripod/p/0563-0401.
33. Thermal comfort: Analysis and applications in environmental engineering10.1016/S0003-6870(72)80074-7 ↗
34. (2020). Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy (Standard No. ASHRAE 55-2020).
35. Adaptive thermal comfort and sustainable thermal standards for buildings10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00006-3 ↗
36. (2024). Residential and Public Buildings–Requirements for Microclimate Parameters in the Room (Standard No. TCVN 14214:2024).
37. An adaptive thermal comfort model for hot humid South-East Asia10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.03.021 ↗
38. (2022). Residential and Public Buildings—Indoor Air Quality Parameters (Standard No. TCVN 13521:2022).
39. Persily, A. (2020, January 20–24). Quit Blaming ASHRAE Standard 62.1 for 1000 ppm CO2. Proceedings of the 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality & Climate (Indoor Air 2020), Seoul, Republic of Korea. Available online: https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=929997.
40. Differences in temperature measurement by commercial room temperature sensors: Effects of room cooling system, loads, sensor type and position10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110630 ↗
41. Harriman, L.G. (2009). The ASHRAE Guide for Buildings in Hot and Humid Climates, American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. [2nd ed.].
42. ASHRAE (2017). 2017 ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals SI edition, Inch-Pound Edition, ASHRAE.
43. (2022). Energy Performance of Buildings—Ventilation for Buildings—Part 1: Indoor Environmental Input Parameters for Design and Assessment of Energy Performance of Buildings Addressing Indoor Air Quality, Thermal Environment, Lighting and Acoustics (Standard No. DIN EN 16798-1:2022-03).