Numerical Method for Aeroelastic Simulation of Flexible Aircraft in High Maneuver Flight Based on Rigid–Flexible Model

Traditional elastic correction methods fail to address the significant aeroelastic interactions arising from unsteady flow fields and structural deformations during aggressive maneuvers. To resolve this, a numerical method is developed by solving unsteady aerodynamic equations coupled with a rigid–flexible dynamics equations derived from Lagrangian mechanics in quasi-coordinates. Validation via a flexible pendulum test and AGARD445.6 wing flutter simulations demonstrates excellent agreement with experimental data, confirming the method’s accuracy. Application to a slender air-to-air missile reveals that reducing structural stiffness can destabilize the aircraft, transitioning it from stable to unstable states during forced pitching motions. Studies on longitudinal flight under preset rudder deflection control indicate that the aeroelastic effect increases both the amplitude and period of pitch angles, ultimately resulting in larger equilibrium angles compared to a rigid-body model. The free-flight simulations highlight trajectory deviations due to deformation-induced aerodynamic forces, which emphasizes the necessity of multidisciplinary coupling analysis. The numerical results show that the proposed CFD/CSD-based coupling methodology offers a robust aeroelastic effect analysis tool for flexible flight vehicles during aggressive maneuvers.