Co-Simulation Model for Determination of Optimal Active Power Filters Settings in Low-Voltage Network
Source abstract
Abstract
Current trends in the use of energy storage, electric mobility, and the integration of a large number of distributed generations at the distribution level can have positive effects on reducing loads and losses in the network. An excessive and uncontrolled level of integration of the above trends leads to various problems related to the power quality. Distortion of the voltage and current waveforms caused by nonlinear loads is manifested through harmonics and can be classified as one of the most essential parameters of electricity quality. Reducing harmonics thus becomes the primary goal for improving the quality of electricity at the distribution level. This paper, along with a detailed analysis of the literature, provides an overview of different views on the problems of optimal allocation of active filters and emphasizes the importance that the problem of optimal allocation of active filters should be based on the variability of the harmonic spectrum as a function of time. Installing devices for reducing harmonics in the network, in terms of improving the quality of electricity, is one of the essential elements from both a technical and an economic point of view and can solve these challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods for solving the problem of determining the position, size and parameters of filters, as well as the number of buses on which such devices can be integrated. Applying optimization techniques enables the development of more realistic models for applying active power filters. The research in this paper is directed toward developing a co-simulation optimization model to determine optimal settings of the parallel APF due to harmonic reduction in a real low-voltage network using particle swarm optimization for 24 h intervals. The research in this paper was conducted on a real radial low-voltage feeder, where at each node, the variability of production and/or consumption is taken, which is obtained on the basis of real measurements and tests. Based on this, the position and dimensioning of the shunt active power filters (APFs) depend on the load range within a 24 h interval at all nodes in the observed time interval. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the importance of observing Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (THDV) on the busbars in the depth of the feeder as well as the importance of observing THDV in each phase.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Power Quality and Harmonics · Power System Reliability and Maintenance · Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Funding
Croatian Science Foundation under the project ”Prosumer-rich distribution power network” · European Union’s Horizon Europe Framework Programme · project name SynGRID
References (50)
Show source-provided references
1. Modeling and open source implementation of balanced and unbalanced harmonic analysis in radial distribution networks10.1016/j.epsr.2022.107935 ↗
2. (2010). Voltage Characteristics of Electricity Supplied by Public Electricity Networks (Standard No. EN 50160:2010).
3. (2022). IEEE Standard for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems (Standard No. 519-2022). Available online: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=9848438.
4. Klimas, M., Grabowski, D., and Buła, D. (2021). Application of decision trees for optimal allocation of harmonic filters in medium-voltage networks. Energies, 14.10.3390/en14041173 ↗
5. Jain, S. (2018). Control strategies of shunt active power filter. Modeling and Control of Power Electronics Converter System for Power Quality Improvements, Elsevier.10.1016/B978-0-12-814568-5.00002-8 ↗
6. Maciążek, M. (2022). Active Power Filters and Power Quality. Energies, 15.10.3390/en15228483 ↗
7. Fuchs Ewald, F., and Masoum Mohammad, A.S. (2023). Power Quality in Power Systems, Electrical Machines, and Power-Electronic Drives, Third. Elsevier Inc.. [3rd ed.].
8. (2024, April 20). Mrežna Pravila Distribucijskog Sustava. [Online]. Available online: https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2018_08_74_1539.html.
9. Buła, D., Grabowski, D., and Maciążek, M. (2022). A Review on Optimization of Active Power Filter Placement and Sizing Methods. Energies, 15.10.3390/en15031175 ↗
10. Hermina, A., Alan, A., and Angelo, B. (2008). Handbook of Power Quality, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.. [1st ed.].
11. Brahmachary, R., Bhattacharya, A., and Ahmed, I. (2021, January 19–22). Allocation of Active Power Filter in Distribution Network Considering Nonlinear Loads. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Smart Technologies for Power, Energy and Control, STPEC 2021, Bilaspur, India.10.1109/STPEC52385.2021.9718732 ↗
12. Optimal Planning of Active Power Filters in a Distribution System Using Trade-off/Risk Method10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2587063 ↗
13. Guo, M., Jin, Q., and Yao, Z. (2020, January 13–16). Implementation of Adaptive Step-Size Algorithm in Distribution Network for Optimal Location and Sizing of SAPFs. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power System Asia, I and CPS Asia 2020, Weihai, China.10.1109/ICPSAsia48933.2020.9208377 ↗
14. Revuelta, P.S., Litrán, S.P., and Thomas, J.P. (2015). Active Power Line Conditioners: Design, Simulation and Implementation for Improving Power Quality, Academic Press.
15. Wang, Y.S., Hua, S., Liu, X.M., Jun, L., and Gou, S.B. (2010, January 25–27). Optimal allocation of the active filters based on the Tabu algorithm in distribution network. Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering, ICECE 2010, Wuhan, China.
16. A fuzzy based solution for allocation and sizing of multiple active power filters10.6113/JPE.2012.12.5.830 ↗
17. A multi-objective approach to optimal placement and sizing of multiple active power filters using a music-inspired algorithm10.1016/j.asoc.2014.05.011 ↗
18. Alhaddad, F.M., and El-Hawary, M. (2014, January 12–14). Optimal filter placement and sizing using ant colony optimization in electrical distribution system. Proceedings of the 2014 Electrical Power and Energy Conference, EPEC 2014, Calgary, AB, Canada.10.1109/EPEC.2014.41 ↗
19. Rosyadi, A., Penangsang, O., and Soeprijanto, A. (2017, January 28–29). Optimal filter placement and sizing in Radial Distribution System using whale optimization algorithm. Proceedings of the 2017 International Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its Application: Strengthening the Link Between University Research and Industry to Support ASEAN Energy Sector, ISITIA 2017—Proceeding, Surabaya, Indonesia.10.1109/ISITIA.2017.8124060 ↗
20. Optimal placement and sizing of multiple active power filters in radial distribution system using grey wolf optimizer in presence of nonlinear distributed generation10.1016/j.epsr.2019.04.001 ↗
21. Sindhu, M.R., Jisma, M., Maya, P., Krishnapriya, P., and Mohan, M.V. (2018, January 16–18). Optimal Placement and Sizing of Harmonic and Reactive Compensators in Interconnected Systems. Proceedings of the 2018 15th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON), Coimbatore, India.10.1109/INDICON45594.2018.8987025 ↗
22. Genetic and combinatorial algorithms for optimal sizing and placement of active power filters10.1515/amcs-2015-0021 ↗
23. An approach of incorporating harmonic mitigation units in an industrial distribution network with renewable penetration10.1016/j.egyr.2021.09.072 ↗
24. Optimal placement and sizing of multiple APLCs using a modified discrete PSO10.1016/j.ijepes.2012.06.055 ↗
25. Active power filter module function to improve power quality conditions using GWO and PSO techniques for solar photovoltaic arrays and battery energy storage systems10.1016/j.est.2023.108552 ↗
26. Minimum non detection zone for islanding detection using an optimal Arti fi cial Neural Network algorithm based on PSO10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.080 ↗
27. Design and Experimental Investigation of Predictive Direct Power Control of Three-Phase Shunt Active Filter with Space Vector Modulation using Anti-windup PI Controller Optimized by PSO10.1007/s13369-018-3611-6 ↗
28. El-Arwash, H.M., Azmy, A.M., and Rashad, E.M. (2017, January 19–21). A GA-Based Initialization of PSO for Optimal APFs Allocation in Water Desalination Plant. Proceedings of the 2017 Nineteenth International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), Cairo, Egypt.10.1109/MEPCON.2017.8301363 ↗
29. Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Its Applications: A Systematic Review10.1007/s11831-021-09694-4 ↗
30. Impact of Inverter Controller-Based Grid-Connected PV System in the Power Quality
31. Ikic, M., Colic, B., Mikulovic, J., and Jokic, S. (2022, January 16–18). Impact assessment of irradiance and temperature variation on PV system current harmonics injection. Proceedings of the 2022 21st International Symposium Infoteh-Jahorina, Infoteh 2022—Proceedings, East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.10.1109/INFOTEH53737.2022.9751295 ↗
32. A novel approach for optimal placement and sizing of active power filters in radial distribution system with nonlinear distributed generation using adaptive grey wolf optimizer
33. Buła, D., Grabowski, D., Lewandowski, M., Maciażek, M., and Piwowar, A. (2021). Software solution for modeling, sizing, and allocation of active power filters in distribution networks. Energies, 14.10.3390/en14010133 ↗
34. Optimum placement of active power conditioner in distribution systems using improved discrete firefly algorithm for power quality enhancement10.1016/j.asoc.2014.06.038 ↗
35. Genetic based algorithm for active power filter allocation and sizing10.1016/j.epsr.2004.01.004 ↗
36. A new approach for allocation and sizing of multiple active power-line conditioners10.1109/TPWRD.2009.2036180 ↗
37. Triplen harmonics: Myths and reality10.1016/j.epsr.2011.03.007 ↗
38. Yang, Z., Zhuo, F., Tao, R., Zhang, Z., Yi, H., Wang, M., and Zhu, C. (2019, January 11–14). Implementation of Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization in Distribution Network for Highefficiency Allocation and Sizing of SAPFs. Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Harbin, China.10.1109/ICEMS.2019.8922399 ↗
39. Cost-effective optimal allocation and sizing of active power filters using a new fuzzy-MABICA method10.1080/03772063.2015.1093435 ↗
40. Research on optimization strategy of harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation of photovoltaic multifunctional grid connected inverter10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108649 ↗
41. Guido, C., Angela, R., and Pietro, V. (2014, January 18–20). Active filters: A multi-objective approach for the optimal allocation and sizing in distribution networks. Proceedings of the 2014 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Ischia, Italy.
42. Carpinelli, G., Mottola, F., Proto, D., and Russo, A. (June, January 29). A Decision Theory Approach for the Multi-objective Optimal Allocation of Active Filters in Smart Grids. Proceedings of the International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power, ICHQP, Naples, Italy.
43. An Optimal Compensation Method of Shunt Active Power Filters for System-Wide Voltage Quality Improvement10.1109/TIE.2019.2899561 ↗
44. Minimizing harmonic distortion in power system with optimal design of hybrid active power filter using differential evolution10.1016/j.asoc.2017.08.031 ↗
45. Optimal multiobjective design of hybrid active power filters considering a distorted environment10.1109/TIE.2013.2244539 ↗
46. Optimal design of shunt active power filter for power quality enhancement using predator-prey based firefly optimization10.1016/j.swevo.2018.06.008 ↗
47. Minimizing Harmonic Voltage Distortion with Multiple Current-Constrained Active Power Line Conditioners10.1109/61.584402 ↗
48. Devassy, S., and Singh, B. (2019). Implementation of Solar Photovoltaic System with Universal Active Filtering Capability. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.10.1109/TIA.2019.2906297 ↗
49. Kumar, V., and Yadav, S.M. (2022). A State-of-the-Art Review of Heuristic and Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques for the Management of Water Resources, IWA Publishing.10.2166/ws.2022.010 ↗
50. Klaić, Z. (2023). Kvaliteta Električne Energije—Harmonici, Predavanja, FERIT.