journal article·2024-12-12Open access

Performance Validation of Control Algorithm Considering Independent Generator Torque Control in PCS

Dongmyoung Kim, Min-Woo Ham, Insu Paek, Wirachai Roynarin, Amphol Aphathanakorn

Applied Sciences· Volume 14· Issue 24

Abstract

This study designed and validated a power control algorithm tailored to the unique characteristics of a 100 kW wind turbine equipped with an independent generator torque control system within the Power Conversion System (PCS). Unlike conventional power control methods based on the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), the independent generator torque control in the PCS estimates the generator speed based on the voltage signal and performs the generator torque control without any interference from the PLC. The conventional power control algorithm in the PLC was modified so that the PLC could perform the power control by the blade pitch control only. Furthermore, a mode transition algorithm was designed to improve the shortcomings of the mode switch previously used for transitioning between the torque and pitch control modes. To verify the performance, a simulation environment similar to actual control conditions was established using a commercial analysis program, and dynamic simulations were conducted. Additionally, for the experimental validation, the proposed control algorithm was applied to a scaled wind turbine, and wind tunnel tests were performed. The results of the simulations and wind tunnel tests confirmed the operational performance of the PCS’s torque control and the improved control transition logic. The proposed control algorithm could be specifically applied to medium-sized wind turbines employing a sensorless generator speed estimation method and independent generator torque control in the PCS.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Engineering Applied Research · Vibration and Dynamic Analysis · Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea

Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi 12110, Pathum Thani, Thailand

National Innovation Agency, 73/2 Rama VI Road, Rajdhevee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Funding

International Energy Joint R&D Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) · Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea

References (31)

Show source-provided references
1. Höffer, R., Kurniawati, I., Lupi, F., Seidel, M., and Niemann, H.J. (2022, January 20–22). Full-scale tests on wind turbine towers: Towards a realistic prediction of vortex-induced vibrations. Proceedings of the 97th CICIND Conference, Paphos, Cyprus.
2. Siemens Gamesa (2024, October 14). SG 14-222 DD: The Winds of Change Have Never Been Stronger. Available online: https://www.siemensgamesa.com/products-and-services/offshore/wind-turbine-sg-14-222-dd.
3. Vestas (2024, October 14). V236-15.0 MW. Available online: https://www.vestas.com/en/energy-solutions/offshore-wind-turbines/V236-15MW.
4. Energy-economic assessment of self-sufficient microgrid based on wind turbine, photovoltaic field, wood gasifier, battery, and hydrogen energy storage10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.04.327 ↗
5. Optimizing wind turbine integration in microgrids through enhanced multi-control of energy storage and micro-resources for enhanced stability10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140965 ↗
6. Effect of Various Design Configurations and Operating Conditions for Optimization of a Wind/Solar/Hydrogen/Fuel Cell Hybrid Microgrid System by a Bio-Inspired Algorithm10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.02.004 ↗
7. Small Wind Turbines for on Grid and off Grid Applications10.1088/1755-1315/410/1/012047 ↗
8. A review on small scale wind turbines10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.027 ↗
9. Current status and grand challenges for small wind turbine technology10.5194/wes-7-2003-2022 ↗
10. Gözcü, O., Kim, T., Verelst, D.R., and McWilliam, M.K. (2022). Swept Blade Dynamic Investigations for a 100 kW Small Wind Turbine. Energies, 15.10.3390/en15093005 ↗
11. An experimental and numerical investigation on the power performance of 150 kW horizontal axis wind turbine10.1016/j.renene.2017.05.065 ↗
12. The design of closed loop controllers for wind turbines
13. Nam, Y. (2013). Wind Turbine System Control, GS Intervision. [1st ed.].
14. Wind turbine control for load reduction10.1002/we.95 ↗
15. Active Torque Control for Gearbox Load Reduction in a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine10.1109/TIA.2012.2227131 ↗
16. Analysis and multi-objective optimisation of wind turbine torque control strategies10.5194/wes-8-1553-2023 ↗
17. Variable speed wind turbine control scheme using a robust wind torque estimation10.1016/j.renene.2018.10.009 ↗
18. Peak shaving strategy for load reduction of wind turbines based on model predictive control10.1016/j.egyr.2022.11.174 ↗
19. Application and Validation of Peak Shaving to Improve Performance of a 100 KW Wind Turbine10.1007/s40684-019-00168-4 ↗
20. Feedforward Control for Wind Turbine Load Reduction with Pseudo-LIDAR Measurement10.1007/s11633-017-1103-x ↗
21. Individual blade pitch control for load reduction10.1002/we.76 ↗
22. MPC framework for constrained wind turbine individual pitch control10.1002/we.2558 ↗
23. Rapid control prototyping of model predictive wind turbine control toward field testing10.1088/1742-6596/1618/2/022068 ↗
24. Active Power Control of Wind Turbine Generators via Coordinated Rotor Speed and Pitch Angle Regulation10.1109/TSTE.2018.2848923 ↗
25. Henz, G., Koch, G., Franchi, C.M., and Pinheiro, H. (2013, January 27–31). Development of a variable speed wind turbine emulator for research and training. Proceedings of the 2013 Brazilian Power Electronics Conference, Gramado, Brazil.10.1109/COBEP.2013.6785197 ↗
26. A doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters supplying an isolated load from a variable speed wind turbine10.1049/ip-epa:19960454 ↗
27. Song, S.-H., Kang, S.-I., and Hahm, N.-K. (2003, January 9–13). Implementation and control of grid connected AC-DC-AC power converter for variable speed wind energy conversion system. Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC’03), Miami Beach, FL, USA.
28. Field Validation of Demanded Power Point Tracking Control Algorithm for Medium-Capacity Wind Turbine10.1007/s40684-019-00107-3 ↗
29. A Reference Open-Source Controller for Fixed and Floating Offshore Wind Turbines10.5194/wes-7-53-2022 ↗
30. Campagnolo, F. (2013). Wind Tunnel Testing of Scaled Wind Turbine Models: Aerodynamics and Beyond. [Ph.D. Thesis, Politecnico Di Milano].
31. Performance Test of 3D Printed Blades for a Scaled Wind Turbine in a Wind Tunnel10.7736/JKSPE.020.057 ↗