Color Brightness Recognition of Extremely Severe Amblyopia Children in an Indoor Environment

This study aims to investigate how indoor lighting (natural and artificial) and distances (3 m and 5 m) affect color recognition in visually impaired children. Ten participants from a special education school were selected to identify the brightness of five colors at varying lighting and distance circumstances. Each color was presented at six different brightness levels, classified into the low-brightness, the standard-color, and the high-brightness groups. Participants were directed to assess the top three brightness levels they considered most attractive, and each rating was assigned a weighted score. The findings revealed that: (1) Visually impaired children can recognize color brightness in both natural and artificial lighting situations. In indoor conditions, the low-brightness group exhibited greater recognition ability compared to the high-brightness group. Purple did not exhibit a clear pattern, as colors from the high-brightness, the low-brightness, and the standard-color groups were all preferred. (2) Significant differences were observed in the brightness recognition among visually impaired children at distances of 3 m and 5 m. Recognition for low-brightness colors improved with distance, contrasting high-brightness scores that declined. However, there was no significant variation in the perception of green with distance changes.