journal article·2023-06-25Open access

Adaptive-Modeling Multi-Agent Learning System for Video Behavioral Clustering Recognition

Xingyu Qian, Aximu Yuemaier, Wenchi Yang, Xiaogang Chen, Shunfen Li, Weibang Dai, Zhitang Song

Applied Sciences· Volume 13· Issue 13

Abstract

Multi-agent systems are suitable for handling complex problems due to their high parallelism and autonomous evolution ability. In this paper, we propose an adaptive clustering multi-agent learning system for intelligent applications with continuously changing requirements. Each agent model changes temporal sequences using the longest common subsequence (LCS) algorithm. Multiple agents collaborate in a multilayer decentralized approach to enhance learning adaptability and achieve self-supervised behavioral clustering. The system is constructed using a “memory-like” method and operates primarily on memory access and comparison, avoiding extensive matrix operations of artificial neural networks while achieving learning and prediction functions. We chose an unsupervised vehicle behavioral clustering scenario for feasibility validation in which the system’s cognitive objective is to cluster and recognize vehicle behaviors. In a low computational environment, the system can complete clustering functions and exhibit continuous learning capabilities when new behavioral changes occur. The proposed approach achieves an accuracy of 97.4% while processing at a speed 1–5 times faster than similar clustering algorithms. The verification results indicate that this system has excellent potential to enhance intelligent sensing front ends.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications · Data Stream Mining Techniques · Human Pose and Action Recognition

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Micro-System and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China

School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai 201210, China

NeuHelium Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200050, China

Funding

Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

References (23)

Show source-provided references
1. A Survey and Critique of Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning10.1007/s10458-019-09421-1 ↗
2. Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning: A Survey10.1007/s10462-021-09996-w ↗
3. Tampuu, A., Matiisen, T., Kodelja, D., Kuzovkin, I., Korjus, K., Aru, J., Aru, J., and Vicente, R. (2017). Multiagent cooperation and competition with deep reinforcement learning. PLoS ONE, 12.10.1371/journal.pone.0172395 ↗
4. Sunehag, P., Lever, G., Gruslys, A., Czarnecki, W.M., Zambaldi, V., Jaderberg, M., Lanctot, M., Sonnerat, N., Leibo, J.Z., and Tuyls, K. (2018, January 10–15). Value-Decomposition Networks for Cooperative Multi-Agent Learning Based on Team Reward. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems, AAMAS’18, Stockholm, Sweden.
5. Lowe, R., Wu, Y., Tamar, A., Harb, J., Abbeel, P., and Mordatch, I. (2017, January 4–9). Multi-Agent Actor-Critic for Mixed Cooperative-Competitive Environments. Proceedings of the Neural Information Processing Systems 30 (NIPS 2017), Long Beach, CA, USA.
6. Rashid, T., Samvelyan, M., Schroeder, C., Farquhar, G., Foerster, J., and Whiteson, S. (2018, January 10–15). QMIX: Monotonic Value Function Factorisation for Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning. Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning, Stockholm, Sweden.
7. Foerster, J.N., Farquhar, G., Afouras, T., Nardelli, N., and Whiteson, S. (2018, January 2–7). Counterfactual Multi-Agent Policy Gradients. Proceedings of the Thirty-Second AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Thirtieth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference and Eighth AAAI Symposium on Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence, AAAI’18/IAAI’18/EAAI’18, New Orleans, LA, USA.10.1609/aaai.v32i1.11794 ↗
8. Iqbal, S., and Sha, F. (2019, January 9–15). Actor-Attention-Critic for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning. Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning, Long Beach, CA, USA.
9. Long, Q., Zhou, Z., Gupta, A., Fang, F., Wu, Y., and Wang, X. (2020). Evolutionary population curriculum for scaling multi-agent reinforcement learning. arXiv.
10. Dosovitskiy, A., Fischer, P., Ilg, E., Häusser, P., Hazirbas, C., Golkov, V., Smagt, P.v.d., Cremers, D., and Brox, T. (2015, January 7–13). FlowNet: Learning Optical Flow with Convolutional Networks. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), Santiago, Chile.10.1109/ICCV.2015.316 ↗
11. Ilg, E., Mayer, N., Saikia, T., Keuper, M., Dosovitskiy, A., and Brox, T. (2017, January 21–26). FlowNet 2.0: Evolution of Optical Flow Estimation with Deep Networks. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Honolulu, HI, USA.10.1109/CVPR.2017.179 ↗
12. Feichtenhofer, C., Pinz, A., and Zisserman, A. (2016, January 27–30). Convolutional Two-Stream Network Fusion for Video Action Recognition. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, NV, USA.10.1109/CVPR.2016.213 ↗
13. Tran, A., and Cheong, L.F. (2017, January 22–29). Two-Stream Flow-Guided Convolutional Attention Networks for Action Recognition. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCVW), Venice, Italy.10.1109/ICCVW.2017.368 ↗
14. Li, M., Qi, Y., Yang, J., Zhang, Y., Ren, J., and Du, H. (2019, January 4–6). 3D Convolutional Two-Stream Network for Action Recognition in Videos. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 31st International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI), Portland, OR, USA.10.1109/ICTAI.2019.00250 ↗
15. Han, T., Xie, W., and Zisserman, A. (2019, January 27–28). Video Representation Learning by Dense Predictive Coding. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/CVF ICCVW, Seoul, Republic of Korea.10.1109/ICCVW.2019.00186 ↗
16. Wang, J., Jiao, J., Bao, L., He, S., Liu, Y., and Liu, W. (2019, January 15–20). Self-Supervised Spatio-Temporal Representation Learning for Videos by Predicting Motion and Appearance Statistics. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/CVF CVPR, Long Beach, CA, USA.10.1109/CVPR.2019.00413 ↗
17. Zhuang, C., She, T., Andonian, A., Mark, M.S., and Yamins, D. (2020, January 13–19). Unsupervised Learning from Video with Deep Neural Embeddings. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE/CVF CVPR, Seattle, WA, USA.10.1109/CVPR42600.2020.00958 ↗
18. Dense Trajectories and Motion Boundary Descriptors for Action Recognition10.1007/s11263-012-0594-8 ↗
19. Wang, H., and Schmid, C. (2013, January 1–8). Action Recognition with Improved Trajectories. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE ICCV, Sydney, NSW, Australia.10.1109/ICCV.2013.441 ↗
20. Casas, S., Sadat, A., and Urtasun, R. (2021, January 20–25). MP3: A Unified Model to Map, Perceive, Predict and Plan. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE/CVF CVPR, Nashville, TN, USA.10.1109/CVPR46437.2021.01417 ↗
21. Ester, M., Kriegel, H.P., Sander, J., and Xu, X. (1996, January 2–4). A Density-Based Algorithm for Discovering Clusters in Large Spatial Databases with Noise. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, KDD’96, Portland, OR, USA.
22. Patel, S., Sihmar, S., and Jatain, A. (2015, January 11–13). A study of hierarchical clustering algorithms. Proceedings of the 2015 2nd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), New Delhi, India.
23. (2022, October 28). MAMMALS. Available online: https://github.com/qian-git/MAMMALS.