Finite-Key Analysis of 1-Decoy Method Quantum Key Distribution with Intensity Fluctuation
Source abstract
Abstract
The decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is proven to be an effective strategy against the photon number splitting attack. It was shown that the 1-decoy state protocol, easier to implement in the practical QKD system, outperforms the 2-decoy state protocol for block sizes of up to 108 bits. How intensity fluctuations influence the performance of the 1-decoy state protocol with finite resources remains a pending issue. In this paper, we present a finite-key analysis of the 1-decoy state protocol with intensity fluctuations and obtain the secret key rate formula about intensity fluctuations. Our numerical simulation results show that the stronger the intensity fluctuations, the lower the secret key rate for a small data block size of a few bits. Our research can provide theoretical implications for the selection of data size in the QKD system with intensity fluctuations.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Quantum Information and Cryptography · Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture · Quantum Mechanics and Applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography, SSF IEU, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Funding
National Key Research and Development Program of China · National Natural Science Foundation of China · China Postdoctoral Science Foundation · Natural Science Foundation of Henan · Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies
References (29)
Show source-provided references
1. Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing10.1016/j.tcs.2014.05.025 ↗
2. Bennett, C.H., Bessette, F., Brassard, G., Salvail, L., and Smolin, J. (1991, January 8–11). Experimental Quantum Cryptography. Proceedings of the Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT, Brighton, UK.10.1007/3-540-46877-3_23 ↗
3. Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Over a 404 km Optical Fiber10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.190501 ↗
4. Satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution10.1038/nature23655 ↗
5. Trojan-horse attacks on quantum-key-distribution systems10.1103/PhysRevA.73.022320 ↗
6. Effects of detector efficiency mismatch on security of quantum cryptosystems10.1103/PhysRevA.74.022313 ↗
7. Breaking a quantum key distribution system through a timing side channel10.1364/OE.15.009388 ↗
8. Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination10.1038/nphoton.2010.214 ↗
9. Quantum cryptography with coherent states10.1103/PhysRevA.51.1863 ↗
10. Brassard, G., Lütkenhaus, N., Mor, T., and Sanders, B.C. (2000, January 14–18). Security aspects of practical quantum cryptography. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, Bruges, Belgium.
11. Limitations on practical quantum cryptography10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.1330 ↗
12. Quantum Key Distribution with High Loss: Toward Global Secure Communication10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.057901 ↗
13. Decoy state quantum key distribution10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.230504 ↗
14. Beating the photon-number-splitting attack in practical quantum cryptography10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.230503 ↗
15. Practical decoy state for quantum key distribution10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012326 ↗
16. Decoy-state quantum key distribution with both source errors and statistical fluctuations10.1088/1367-2630/11/7/075006 ↗
17. Decoy-state theory for the heralded single-photon source with intensity fluctuations10.1103/PhysRevA.79.062309 ↗
18. Tight finite-key analysis of a practical decoy-state quantum key distribution with unstable sources10.1103/PhysRevA.94.032335 ↗
19. Decoy-state quantum key distribution for the heralded pair coherent state photon source with intensity fluctuations10.1007/s11432-010-4126-2 ↗
20. Weighted sums of certain dependent random variables
21. Finite-key analysis for the 1-decoy state QKD protocol10.1063/1.5023340 ↗
22. Probability Inequalities for Sums of Bounded Random Variables10.1080/01621459.1963.10500830 ↗
23. A measure of asymptotic efficiency for tests of a hypothesis based on the sum of observations10.1214/aoms/1177729330 ↗
24. Improved key-rate bounds for practical decoy-state quan-tum-key-distribution systems10.1103/PhysRevA.95.012333 ↗
25. Statistical fluctuation analysis for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution10.1103/PhysRevA.86.052305 ↗
26. Asymmetric twin-field quantum key distribution with both statis-tical and intensity fluctuations10.1088/1572-9494/ab8a11 ↗
27. Li, C., Qian, L., and Lo, H.-K. (2019). Simple security proofs for continuous-variable quantum key distribution with intensity fluctuating sources. arXiv.
28. Decoy-state reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with both source errors and statistical fluctuations10.1088/1674-1056/26/12/120302 ↗
29. Practical issues in quantum-key-distribution postprocessing10.1103/PhysRevA.81.012318 ↗