Geomechanical Characterization of a Brazilian Experimental Site: Testing, Interpretation, and Material Properties

Clarity in monitoring existing foundation structures demands innovative safety analysis methodologies for deep foundations, necessitating advanced models calibrated with real-world field parameters. Understanding controlled conditions, including geotechnical profiles, seismic attributes, and soil mechanics, is crucial. A dedicated research group at the University of São Paulo spent three years refining these conditions, characterizing an experimental field along a canal in São Paulo. This study pioneers geotechnical and geomechanical characterization of the region’s tertiary sediments in São Paulo, offering valuable insights for current and future applications. Standard penetration tests with torque (SPT-Torque), piezocone tests (CPTu), and measurement of wave velocity (Vs) with piezocone tests (S-CPTu) were carried out. The exploration of the subsoil shows that in up to 2 m of excavation, there are clays and silts, and in up to 25 m, there is a significant layer of compact fine sand that has high values of tip resistance and wave velocities more significant than 100 m/s. In the electric cone tests, the abacus used displayed a reasonable classification. All propositions identified the transition from the surface soil to the sandy soil at between 3 and 25 m. The soil classification values were obtained with the data of the field parameters, and the geotechnical and mechanical parameters were estimated. No differences were detected among the values found in the SPT-T and CPTu tests for the values obtained via cone resistance. This demonstrates the reliability of both methods. In addition, using the CPTu test to identify the stratigraphic profile horizons employing the soil’s mechanical behavior when the cone is driven proved appropriate.