Electrodegradation of Acid Mixture Dye through the Employment Electrooxidation and Lemnoideae in Na2SO4 Synthetic Wastewater
Source abstract
Abstract
In this study, we report on the effectiveness of electrochemical and biological wastewater treatment for artificially prepared industrial wastewater, comprising small amounts of technologically important dyes, namely Acid Mixture composed of Acid Violet 90 (AV90) and Acid Red 357 (AR357) in Na2SO4 (ESS—electrolyte supporting solution), as well as their impact on the environment, using Lemna minor as a bioindicator. Our study revealed that among the tested dyes, the raw ones (AM in ESS+OM) and those subjected to electrooxidation with the use of an iron anode and a copper cathode [AMFe/Cuox in ESS+OM (OECD medium is a medium recommended by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development for Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test)] were the most phytotoxic for L. minor. No phytotoxicity was detected for the tested plants in solution after electrooxidation with graphite anode and cathode (AMCox in ESS+OM). Quantitative identification of acid mixture removal was carried out by supplementary UPLC/MS-MS (Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography/tandem Mass Spectrometry) and UV-VIS (UltraViolet-Visible spectroscopy) instrumental analysis. The final removal after electrochemical and biological treatment of AV90 and AR357 dye components was 98 and over 99%, respectively. The results suggest that it may be a suitable replacement/addition for the generally used wastewater treatment methods.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced oxidation water treatment · Electrochemical Analysis and Applications · Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Łódzki Square 4, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Funding
Minister of Education and Science · University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
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